Abstract
The ‘theoretical’ existence of traversable Lorentzian wormholes in the classical, macroscopic world is plagued by the violation of the well-known energy conditions of general relativity. In this brief article we show: (i) how the extent of violation can be quantified using certain volume integrals and (ii) whether this ‘amount of violation’ can be minimised for some specific cut-and-paste geometric constructions. Examples and possibilities are also outlined.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M S Morris and K S Thorne,Am. J. Phys. 56, 395 (1988)
M S Morris, K S Thorne and U Yurtsever,Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 1446 (1988)
M Visser,Lorentzian wormholes: from Einstein to Hawking (AIP Press, 1995)
H Epstein, V Glaser and A Jaffe,Nuovo Cimento 36, 1016 (1965)
D Hochberg, A Popov and S V Sushkov,Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 2050 (1997); arXiv: gr-qc/9701064
H B G Casimir,Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. B51, 793 (1948)
S Lamoreaux,Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 5 (1996)
U Mohideen and A Roy,Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 4549 (1998)
L Brillouin,Wave propagation and group velocity (Academic, New York, 1960) pp. 113–137
C G B Garrett and D E McCumber,Phys. Rev. A1, 305b (1970)
L J Wang, A Kuzmich and A Dogariu,Nature 406, 277 (2000)
V Veselago,Sov. Phys. Uspeki 10, 509 (1968)
R A Shelby, D R Smith and S Schultz,Science,292, 77 (2001)
C G Parazzoliet al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 107401 (2003)
A A Houck, J B Brock and I L Chuang,Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 137401 (2003)
S Perlmutter, M S Turner and M White,Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 670 (1999)
I Zlatev, L Wang and P J Steinhardt,Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 896 (1999)
C Armendariz-Picon, V Mukhanov and P J Steinhardt,Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 4438 (2000)
S Dodelson, M Kaplinghat and E Stewart,Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 5276 (2000)
L Randall and R Sundrum,Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 4690 (1999)
V Rubakov,Large and infinite extra dimensions, hep-ph/0104152
L H Ford and T A Roman,Phys. Rev. D51, 4277 (1995)
M J Pfenning and L H Ford,Quantum inequality restrictions on negative energy densities in curved space-times, gr-qc/9805037
C Van Den Broeck,Class. Quantum Gravit. 16, 3973 (1999)
A Borde, L H Ford and T A Roman,Phys. Rev. D65, 084002 (2002)
L H Ford, A D Helfer and T A Roman,Phys. Rev. D66, 124012 (2002)
M Visser, S Kar and N Dadhich,Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 201102 (2003)
C Barcelo and M Visser,Int. J. Mod. Phys. D11, 1553 (2002)
S W Hawking and G F R Ellis,The large scale structure of spacetime (Cambridge, England, 1973)
N D Birrell and P C W Davies,Quantum fields in curved space (Cambridge, England, 1982), see esp. p. 270
R Schon and S T Yau,Commun. Math. Phys. 65, 45 (1979);79, 231 (1981)
J L Friedman, K Schleich and D M Witt,Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 1486 (1993); Erratum,Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1872 (1995); arXiv:gr-qc/9305017
K Schleich and D M Witt, arXiv:gr-qc/9903061
G J Galloway, K Schleich, D M Witt and E Woolgar,Phys. Rev. D60, 104039 (1999); arXiv:gr-qc/9902061
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kar, S., Dadhich, N. & Visser, M. Quantifying energy condition violations in traversable wormholes. Pramana - J Phys 63, 859–864 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02705207
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02705207