Abstract
Experimental studies of the features of artificial ionospheric turbulence was performed at the “Sura” heating facility in August 1998 using numerous diagnostic tools, such as scintillation, chirp-sounding, backscattering, and stimulated electromagnetic emission (SEE) measurements, as well as sounding a HF-disturbed volume (DV) by probing waves. It has been found that generation of strong artificial large-scale irregularities (ALSIs), which manifest themselves through the F-spread on ionograms, scintillations of the satellite signal propagated through the DV, and amplitude fluctuations of the probing wave sounding the DV, is observed not only for an overdense heating, at fo≤foF2, but also at higher frequencies fo>foF2≥f uh (here fo is the pump-wave frequency, foF2 is the critical frequency of the F2-layer for O-mode electromagnetic wave, and f uh is the plasma frequency at the upper-hybrid resonance height). This means that transfer of the pump-wave energy in the plasma due to the development of thermal parametric (resonance) instability, rather than thermal self-focussing instability, plays the key role in the ALSI generation in the case where the O-mode HF wave is used for the overdense heating. This conclusion is also confirmed by the fact that the ALSI generation is suppressed in the gyroharmonic frequency range, which is similar to the well-studied quenching of the downshifted maximum (DM) in SEE spectra. In this paper, we discuss new ALSI features revealed by the measurements, as well as the limits by which one can control the ALSI spectrum using complex pumping schemes.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. Geophys. Res.,75, 6402–6452 (1970).
Radio Sci.,9, 881–1090 (1974).
J. Atmos. Terr. Phys.,44, 1009–1171 (1982).
J. Atmos. Terr. Phys.,47, 1151–1330 (1985).
Radio Sci.,25, 1251–1422 (1990).
J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys.,59, 2251–2488 (1997).
Utlaut W.F., Violett E.J., Paul A.K.,J. Geophys. Res.,75, 6429 (1970).
E.M. Allen, G.D. Thome, and P.B. Rao,Radio Sci.,9, 905 (1974).
N.V. Bakhmet’eva, V.N. Bubukina, Yu.A. Ignat’ev, G.S. Bochkarev, V.A. Eremenko, V.V. Kol’tsov, I.V. Krasheninnikov, and Yu.N. Cherkashin,J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys.,59, 2257 (1997).
S. Basu, Sun. Basu, S. Ganguly, and W.E. Gordon,J. Geophys. Res.,88A, 9217 (1983).
S. Basu, E. Costa, R.C. Livingston, K.M. Groves, H.C. Carlson, P.K. Chaturvedi, and P. Stubbe,J. Geophys. Res.,102A, 7469 (1997).
A.F. Belenov, V.A. Bubnov, L.M. Erukhimov, Yu.V. Kiselev, G.P. Komrakov, E.E. Mityakova, L.N. Rubtsov, V.P. Uryadov, V.L. Frolov, Yu.V. Chugunov, B.V. Yukhmatov,Radiophys. Quant. Electron.,20, 1240 (1977).
V.V. Belikovich, E.A. Benediktov, G.G. Getmantsev, L.M. Erukhimov, N.A. Zuikov, G.P. Komrakov, Yu.S. Korobkov, N.A. Mityakov, V.O. Rapoport, V.Yu. Trakhtengertz, and V.L. Frolov,Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Radiofiz.,18, 516 (1975).
G.S. Bochkarev,J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys.,59, 2295 (1997).
S.A. Bowhill,Radio Sci.,9, 975 (1974).
L.M. Erukhimov, E.E. Mityakova, E.N. Myasnikov, S.V. Polyakov, A.V. Rakhlin, and V.M. Sinel’nikov,Radiophys. Quant. Electron.,20, 1246 (1977).
L.M. Erukhimov, S.A. Metelev, E.N. Myasnikov, N.A. Mityakov, and V.L. Frolov,Radiophys. Quant. Electron.,30, 156 (1987).
A. Frey and L.M. Duncan,Geophys. Res. Lett.,11, 677 (1984).
A.V. Gurevich,Nonlinear Phenomena in the Ionosphere, Springer-Verlag, New-York (1978), p. 283.
P. Rodrigues, E.J. Kennedy, M.J. Keskinen, C.L. Siefring, Sa. Basu, M. McCarrick, J. Preston, M. Engebretson, M.L. Kaiser, M.D. Desch, K. Goetz, J.-L. Bougeret, and R. Manning,Geophys. Res. Lett.,25, 257 (1998).
W.F. Utlaut, E.J. Violette,Radio Sci,9, 895 (1974).
P.N. Guzdar, P.K. Chaturvedy, K. Papadopolous, M. Keskinin, and S.L. Ossakow,J. Geophys. Res.,101, 2453 (1996).
A.G. Litvak,Radiophys. Quant. Electron.,11, 814 (1968).
F.W. Perkins and E.J. Valeo,Phys. Rev. Lett.,32, 1234 (1974).
F.W. Perkins and M.V. Goldman,Geophys. Res.,86, 600 (1981).
S. Fukao, M.C. Kelley, T. Shirakawa, T. Takami, M. Yamamoto, T. Tsuda, and S. Kato,J. Geophys. Res.,96A, 3725 (1991).
M.C. Kelley, T.L. Arce, J. Salovey, M. Sulzer, W.T. Armstrong, M. Carter, and L. Duncan,J. Geophys. Res.,100A, 17367 (1995).
A.C. Das and J.A. Fejer,J. Geophys. Res.,84, 6701 (1979).
S.M. Grach, A.N. Karashtin, N.A. Mityakov, V.O. Rapoport, and V.Yu. Trakhtengets,Radiophys. Quant. Electron.,20, 1254 (1977).
A.V. Gurevich, V.A. Lukyanov, and K.P. Zybin,Phys. Lett. A.,206, 247 (1995).
L.M. Erukhimov, V.A. Ivanov, N.A. Mityakov, V.P. Uryadov, V.A. Frolov, and V.V. Shumaev,Radiophys. Quant. Electron.,30, 775 (1987).
V.P. Uryadov, A.A. Ponyatov, V.A. Ivanov, D.V. Ivanov, V.V. Shumaev, A.G. Chernov, and Yu.N. Cherkashin, in:Vth International Suzdal URSI Symposium on the Modification of the Ionosphere (ISSMI’98). Book of Abstracts (1998), p. 57.
V.P. Uryadov, N.V. Ryabova, V.A. Ivanov, and V.V. Shumaev,J. Atmos. Terr. Phys.,57, 1263 (1995).
V.L. Frolov, L.M. Erukhimov, S.A. Metelev, and E.N. SergeevJ. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys.,59, 2317 (1997).
L.M. Erukhimov, G.P. Komrakov, and V.L. Frolov,Geomagn. Aéron.,20, 1112 (1980).
T.B. Leyser, B. Thidé, M. Waldenvik, S. Goodman, V.L. Frolov, S.M. Grach, A.N. Karashtin, G.P. Komrakov, and D.S. Kotik,J. Geophys. Res.,98A, 17597 (1993).
E.N. Sergeev, V.L. Frolov, G.P. Komrakov, and B. Thidé,J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys.,59, 2383 (1997).
E.N. Sergeev, V.L. Frolov, G.N. Boiko, and G.P. Komrakov,Radiophys. Quant. Electron.,41, 313 (1998).
V.L. Frolov, G.P. Komrakov, E.N. Sergeev, B. Thidé, M. Waldenvik, and E. Veszelei,Radiophys. Quant. Electron.,40, 731 (1997).
T.B. Leyser, B. Thidé, M. Waldenvik, E. Veszelei, V.L. Frolov, S.M. Grach, and G.P. Komrakov,J. Geophys. Res.,99A, 19555 (1994).
Yu.M. Yampolski, V.S. Beley, S.B. Kascheev, A.V. Koloskov, V.G. Somov, D.L. Hysell, B. Isham and M.C. Kelley,J. Geophys. Res.,102A, 7461 (1977).
V.I. Tatarskii,National Technical Information Service, Springfield (1971).
R. Cohen and Whitehead J.D.,J. Geophys. Res.,75, 6439 (1970).
V.L. Frolov,Sc. D. Thesis, NIRFI, N. Novgorod (1996).
T.B. Leyser, B. Thidé, H. Derblom, Å. Hedberg, B. Lundborg, P. Stubbe. and H. Kopka,J. Geophys. Res.,95A, 17233 (1990).
Yu.V. Tokarev, M.L. Kaiser, P. Rodrigues, V.A. Alimov, Yu.V. Belov, G.N. Boiko, G.P. Komrakov, N.B. Murav’eva, and A.V. Rakhlin,Radiophys. Quant. Electron.,42, XXX (1999).
P. Stubbe, A.J. Stocker, F. Honary, T.R. Robinson, and T.B. Jones, J. Geophys. Res.,99A, 6233 (1994).
V.L. Frolov, L.M. Erukhimov, L.M. Kagan, G.P. Komrakov, E.N. Sergeev, and P. Stubbe,Phys. Rev. Lett.,81, 1630 (1998).
S.M. Grach, G.P. Komrakov, M.A. Yurishchev, B. Thidé, T.B. Leyser, T. Carozzi,Phys. Rev. Lett.,78, 883 (1997).
T.R. Robinson, F. Honary, A.J. Stocker, T.B. Jones, and P. Stubbe,J. Atmos. Terr. Phys.,58A, 385 (1996).
A.V. Gurevich, V.V. Migulin,J. Atmos. Terr. Phys.,44, 1982 (1982).
G.N. Boiko, V.A. Zyuzin, G.P. Komrakov, A.M. Leonov, V.A. Ryzhov, V.A. Solynin, and Yu.V. Tokarev,Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Radiofiz.,28, 656 (1985).
G.N. Boiko, L.M. Erukhimov, and V.L. Frolov,Radiophys. Quant. Electron,34, 18 (1991).
J.A. Fejer and H. Kopka,J. Geophys. Res.,86A, 5746 (1981).
Frolov V.L., Kagan L.M., Sergeev E.N., Komrakov G.P., Bernhardt P.A., Goldstein J.A., Wagner L.S., Selcher C.A., and Stubbe P.J. Geophys. Res.,104A, 12695 (1999).
A.V. Gurevich, T. Hagfors, H. Carlson, A. Karashtin, and K. Zybin,Phys. Lett. A,239, 385 (1998).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 43, No. 6, pp. 497–519, June, 2000.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Frolov, V.L., Chugurin, V.V., Komrakov, G.P. et al. Study of large-scale irregularities generated in the ionosphericF-region by high-power HF waves. Radiophys Quantum Electron 43, 446–468 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02677173
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02677173