Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The significance ofSaccocoma-calciturbidites for the analysis of the Polish epicontinental late Jurassic Basin: An example from the Southern Cracow-Wielun Upland (Poland)

  • Published:
Facies Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

In the top section of the Upper Jurassic profile in the S part of the Cracow-Wielun upland there occur deposits with numerous fragments of the plantonic crinoidsSaccocoma. Sedimentary structures indicate that these deposits are calciturbidites with domination of the redeposited pelagic material. TheSaccocoma-calciturbidites rest on the slope beds of Oxfordian cyanobacterial-sponge carbonate buildups formed in the Polish epicontinental basin, bordering the Tethys ocean in the north. The occurrence of the planktonicSaccocoma seems to be connected with a short deepening the S part of the Polish epicontinental basin in the Late Jurassic. This deepening caused the change within biocoenoses thriving in carbonate buildups and was mainly expressed in reducingTubiphytes. ‘Tubiphytes-reefs’, representing the last stage in the development of the carbonate buildups in the S part of the Cracow-Wielun upland, marked the most shallow sedimentation environment. With deepending of the basin,Tubiphytes and other benthonic forms disappeared, and, simultaneously, the dominant fauna became planktonic. The abundance of planktonic crinoidsSaccocoma (=Lombardia), as well as the presence of planktonic foraminifers, nannoplankton cf.Schizosphaerella, coccoliths and radiolarians indicates a pelagic, open-sea depositional environment.

TheSaccocoma-dominated sediments, which had been primarily deposited from a suspension on a sea floor with a distinct relief, became subsequently transported by turbidity currents. A limited extent and thickness of theSaccocoma-calciturbidites was caused by a relatively small amount of the primary material which could be transferred by the turbidity currents because the period of pelagic sedimentation was short. TheSaccocoma-calciturbidites indicate a distinct shift in conditions of sedimentation resulting from over-regional changes and, despite the lack of index fossils, seem to represent a local lithostratigraphic horizon. These sediments probably mark a sedimentation event which caused a minor levelling of the sea floor relief. Then, after a sedimentation break, wide-spread destruction of the tops of carbonate buildups and formation of debris flows in the shallowing Late Jurassic sea took place.

TheSaccocoma-calciturbidites in the S part of the Cracow-Wielun upland can be found near edges of horsts. This suggests that the foundations of these horsts are probably of sedimentary origin, dating back at least to the Late Jurassic. TheSaccocoma-calciturbidites in the S part of the Polish epicontinental basin seem to result from local, synsedimentary tectonic movements, which probably reflect over-regional events on the one hand, and oscillations of the sea level-on the other.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alexandrowicz, S. W. (1960): Geological structure of the vicinity of Tyniec. (Engl. summary).—Biul. IG,152, 5–93, Warszawa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernoulli, D. & Kälin, O. (1984): Jurassic sediments; site 547, Northwest African Margin: remarks on stratigraphy, facies, and diagenesis, and comparison with some Tethyan equivalents. —In:Hinz, K., Winterer, E. L., et al. (eds.): Init. Repts. DSDP,79, 437–448, Washington

  • Bouma, A. H. (1962): Sedimentology of some flysch deposits. A graphic approach to facies interpretation. 167pp.. Elsevier, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  • Bromley, R. G. &Frey, R. W. (1974): Redescription of trace fossilGyrolites and taxonomic evaluation ofThalassinoides, Ophiomorpha andSpongeliomorpha.—Bull. Geol. Soc. Denmark,23, 311–335; Copenhagen

    Google Scholar 

  • Bukowy, S. (1957): New data about the Kimmeridgian in the vicinity of Cracow. (in Polish).—Przeglad Geologiczny,1957/2, 90–91, Warszawa

    Google Scholar 

  • — (1960): Submarine slides in the rocky limestones near Cracow. (Engl. summary).—Biul. IG,155, 153–168, Warszawa

    Google Scholar 

  • — (1962): The profile of Jurassic and Creataceous series at Raciborowice near Cracow. (Engl. summary).—Rocznik Pol. Tow. Geol.,32, 197–209, Cracow

    Google Scholar 

  • Burzewski, W. (1969): Les conditions structurales du Jurassique de la region d’Olkusz et de Wolbrom comme bordieres pour les gisements petroliferes du Bassin de Nida. (French summary). —Prace Geol. PAN,61, 3–91, Warszawa

    Google Scholar 

  • Bustillo, M. A. &Ruiz-Ortiz, P. A. (1987): Chert occurrences in carbonate turbidites: examples from the Upper Jurassic of the Betic Mountains (southern Spain).—Sedimentology,34, 611–621, Oxford

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crevello, P. D. &Schlager, W. (1980): Carbonate debris sheets and turbidites, Exuma Sound, Bahamas.—J. Sediment. Petrol.,50, 1121–1148, Tulsa

    Google Scholar 

  • Dzulynski, S. (1966): Sedimentary structures resulting from convection-like pattern of motion.—Rocznik Pol. Tow. Geol.,36, 3–21, Cracow

    Google Scholar 

  • Eberli, G. P. (1987): Carbonate turbidite sequences deposited in rift-basin of the Jurassic Tethys Ocean (eastern Alps, Switzerland). —Sedimentology,34, 363–388, Oxford

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • — (1991): Calcareous turbidites and their relationship to sea-level fluctuations and tectonism.—In:Einsele, G., Ricken, W. &Seilacher, A. (eds.). Cycles and events in stratigraphy. —340–359, Berlin (Springer)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ekdale A. A., Bromley, R. G. & Pemberton, S. G. (1984): Ichnology-trace fossils in sedimentology and stratigraphy. —SEPM Short Course15, 317 pp., SEPM, Tulsa

    Google Scholar 

  • Felisiak, I. (1983): On the sedimentary structures within Oxfordian limestones from Fort Skala in Cracow. (in Polish).—Spraw. Kom. Nauk. PAN,25/1, 186–188, Cracow

    Google Scholar 

  • Flügel, H. &Pölsler, P. (1965): Lithogenetische Analyse der Barmstein-Kalkbank B2 nordwestlich von St. Koloman bei Hallein (Tithonium, Salzburg).—N. Jb. Geol. Paläont. Mh.,65, 513–517, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Freyberg, B. v. (1968): Übersicht über den Malm der Altmühl-Alb. —Erlanger geol. Abh.70, 40p., Erlangen

  • Fürsich, F. T. (1979): Trace fossils as environmental indicators in the Corallian of England and Normandy.—Lethaia,8, 151–172, Olso

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibling, M. R. &Stuart, C. J. (1988): Carbonate slide deposite in the Middle Jurassic of Portugal.—Sedimentary Geology,57, 59–73, Amsterdam

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glazek, J. &Wierzbowski, A. (1972): On the alleged Kimmeridgian transgression in the Cracow Upland.—Acta Geol. Polonica,22, 45–69, Warszawa

    Google Scholar 

  • Gluchowski, E. (1986): Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous articulate crinoids of the Pieniny Klippen Belt, Carpathians, in Poland. (Engl. summary).—Przeglad Geologiczny,1986/6, 304–309, Warzawa

    Google Scholar 

  • — (1987): Jurassic and Early Cretaceous Articulate Crinoidea from the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mts. Poland.— Studia Geol. Polon.,94, 7–102, Warszawa

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldring, R. &Seilacher, A. (1971): Limulid undertracks and their sedimentological implications.—N. Jb. Geol. Palaont. Abh.,137, 422–442, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Gradstein, F. M., Jansa, L. F., Srivastava, S. P., Williamson, M. A., Bonham Carter, G. & Stam, B. (1990): Aspects of North Atlantic paleo-oceanography.—In:Keen, M. J. & Williams, G. L. (eds.): Geological Survey of Canada, Geology of Canada,2, 351–389, Calgary

  • Heliasz, Z. (1990): Sedimentation of the Upper Jurassic limestones in the Czêstochowa Region of the Polish Jura Chain. (Engl. summary).—Prace Nauk. Uniw. Slaskiego; Geologia,10/11,9–49, Katowice

    Google Scholar 

  • Herbig, H.-G. &Bender, P. (1992): A eustatically driven calciturbidite sequence from the Dinantian II of the eastern Rheinisches Schiefergebirge.—Facies,27, 245–262, Erlangen

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herbig, H.-G. &Mamet, B. (1994): Hydraulic sorting of microbiota in calciturbidites—a Dinantian case study from the Rheinische Schiefergebirge, Germany.—Facies,31, 93–104, Erlangen

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hesse, R. (1987): Selective and reversible carbonate-silica replacements in Lower Creataceous carbonate-bearing turbidites of the Eastern Alps.—Sedimentology,34, 1055–1077, Oxford

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann, M. &Uchman, M. (1993): Trace fossils from the Oxfordian platy limestones nearby Cracow. (Engl. summary). —Przegl_d Geologiczny,1992/11, 651–656, Warszawa

    Google Scholar 

  • Kälin, O. & Bernoulli, D. (1984).Schizosphaerella Deflandre and Dangeard in Jurassic deeperwater carbonate sediments, Mazagan continental margin (Hole 547B) and Mesozoic Tethys.—In:Hinz, K., Winterer, E. L. et al. (eds.): Init. Repts.—DSDP79, 411–435, Washington.

  • Keupp, H. (1993): Aspects of the origin of the Solnhofen lithographic limestone facies based on a new core drilling in the Maxberg quarry.—Geobios,16, 71–80, Lyon

    Google Scholar 

  • Keupp, H., Koch, R. &Leinfelder, R. (1990): Steuerungsprozesse der Entwicklung von Oberjura-Spongiolithen Süddeutschlands: Kenntnisstand, Probleme und Perspectiven.—Facies,23, 141–174, Erlangen

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koch, R., Senowbari-Daryan, B. &Strauss, H. (1994): The Late Jurassic ‘Massenkalk Fazies’ of Southern Germany: calcareous sand piles rather than organic reefs.—Facies,31, 179–208, Erlangen

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kott, R. (1989): Fazies und Geochemie des Treuchrtlinger Marmor (Unter- und Mittelkimmeridge, Südliche Frankenalb). —Berliner geowis. Abh., A111, 115p., Berlin

  • Krobicki, M. (1994): Stratigraphic significance and palaeoecology of the Tithonian-Berriasian brachiopods in the Pieniny Klippen Belt, Carpathians, Poland.—Studia Geol. Polon.,106, 89–156, Cracow

    Google Scholar 

  • Ksiazkiewicz, M. (1956): The Jurassic and Cretaceous of Bachowice. (Engl. summary).—Rocznik Pol. Tow. Geol.,24, 121–405, Cracow

    Google Scholar 

  • Kutek, J. & Zapasnik, T. (1992): Bydlin, large scale synsedimentary mass movements of Late Oxfordian.—In:Matyja, B., Wierzbowski, A. & Radwanski, A. (eds.): Oxfordian & Kimmeridgian Joint Working Groups Meeting, Guide Book & Abstr.,50p., Warszawa

  • Laschet, C. (1982): On the origin of cherts.—Facies,10, 257–290, Erlangen

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lefeld, J. &Radwanski, A. (1960): Les crinoides planktoniquesSaccocoma Agassiz dans le Malm et le Noecomien Haut-Tatrique des Tatras Polonaises. (French summary).—Acta Geol. Polon.,10, 593–614, Warszawa

    Google Scholar 

  • Leinfelder, R. R. (1993): Upper Jurassic reef types and controlling factors.—Profil,5, 1–45, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Leinfelder, R. R., Krautter, M., Nose, M., Ramalho, M. M. &Werner, W. (1993): Siliceous sponge facies from the Upper Jurassic of Portugal.—N. Jb. Geol. Paläont. Abh.,189, 199–254, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Marcinowski, R. (1970): Turbidites in Upper Oxfordian limestones at Jaskrow in the Polish Jura Chain.—Bull. Acad. Polon. Sc., Ser. Sc. Geol.-Geogr.,18, 219–225, Warszawa

    Google Scholar 

  • Matyja, B. A. & Pisera, A. (1991): Late Jurassic European sponge megafacies: general perpective.—3-rd Internat. Symposium Jurassic Stratigraphy, Poitiers, Abstr., 81p., Poitiers

  • Matyja, B. A. & Wierzbowski, A. (1992): Latosowka quarry, basinal facies and synsedimentary mass movements; Upper Oxfordian,Planula Zone.—In:Matyja, B., Wierzbowski, A. & Radwanski, A. (eds.): Oxfordian & Kimmeridgian Joint Working Groups Meeting—Guide Book & Abstr., 57–58, Warszawa

  • Matyja, B. A. & Wierzbowski, A., (1994): Bathymetry of Late Jurassic sponge megafacies.— In: 4th Intern. Congress on Jurassic Stratigr. and Geol., (Abs.) 30–31, Mendoza

  • Matyszkiewicz, J. (1989a): Sedimentation and diagenesis of the Upper Oxfordian cyanobacterial-sponge limestones in Piekary near Krakow.—Ann. Soc. Geol. Polon.,59, 201–232 Cracow

    Google Scholar 

  • Matyszkiewicz, J. (1989b): Submarine slumping in the Upper Oxfordian limestones in Ujazd. (in Polish)—In:Rutkowski, J. (ed.): Guidebook 60th Meeting of the Pol. Geol. Soc., 83–88, Cracow

  • — (1993): Genesis of Stromatactis in an Upper Jurassic carbonate buildup (Mlynka, Cracow region, Southern Poland): Internal reworking and erosion of organic growth cavities.— Facies,28, 87–96, Erlangen

    Google Scholar 

  • — (1994a): Remarks on the sedimentation and diagenesis of pseudonodular limestones in the Cracow area (Oxfordian, Southern Poland).—Berliner geowis. Abh., E.,13, 419–439, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Matyszkiewicz, J. (1994b): Upper Jurassic carbonate buildups in the Cracow area; the lateral transition of the carbonate buildup to the bedded limestone.—In: Kotañski, Z. (ed.): Excursion Guidebook, 3-rd Internat, Meeting of Peri-Tethyan Epicratonic Basins, Cracow, 34–40, Warszawa

  • Matyszkiewicz, J. (1994c): Gravitational flow deposits in the top of the Oxfordian. —In: Kotañski, Z. (ed.): Excursion Guidebook, 3-rd Internat, Meeting of Peri-Tethyan Epicratonic Basins, Cracow, 41–44, Warszawa

  • Matyszkiewicz, J. &Felisiak, I. (1992): Microfacies and diagenesis of an Upper Oxfordian carbonate buildup in Mydlniki (Cracow area, Southern Poland).—Facies,27, 179–190, Erlangen

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meischner, K.-D. (1964): Allodapische Kalke, Turbidite in riffnahen Sedimentations-Becken.—In:Bouma, A. H. &Brouwer, A. (eds.): Turbidites.—Develop. in Sedimentol.,3, 156–191, Elsevier, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  • Milsom, C. L. (1994):Saccocoma: a bentic crinoid from the Jurassic Solnhofen Limestone, Germany.—Paleontology,37, 121–129, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Misik, M. (1959): “Lombardiova” mikrofacia-vedouci horizont v Malmie Zapadnych Karpat.—Geol. Sbornik.,10, 171–184, Bratislava

    Google Scholar 

  • Morycowa, E. &Moryc, W. (1976): The Upper Jurassic in the Foreland of the Polish Carpathians (Sandomierz Basin). (Engl. summary).—Rocznik Pol. Tow. Geol.,46, 231–288, Cracow

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullins, H. T. &Cook, H. E. (1986): Carbonate apron models: Alternatives to the submarine fan model for paleoenvironmental analysis and hydrocarbon exploration.—Sedimentary Geology,48, 37–79, Amsterdam

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mullins, H. T., Heath, K. C., van Buren, H. M. &Newton, C. R. (1984): Anatomy of a modern open-ocean carbonate slope: Northern Little Bahama Bank.—Sedimentology,31, 141–168, Oxford

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Murata, K. J. &Norman, M. B. (1976): An index of crystallinity of quartz.—Am. Jour. Sci.,276, 1120–1130, Washington

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mutti, E. &Ricci-Lucchi, F. (1978): Turbidites from the northern Appenines: Introduction to facies analysis.—Int. Geol. Rev.,20, 125–166

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pisera, A. &Dzik, J. (1979): Tithonian crinoids from Rogoznik (Pieniny Klippen Belt, Poland) and their evolutionary relationships. —Eclog. geol. Helv.,72, 805–849, Basel

    Google Scholar 

  • Pisera, A., Satir, M., Gruszczynski, M., Hoffman, A. &Malkowski, K. (1992): Variations in δ13C and δ18O in Late Jurassic carbonates, Submediterranean Province, Europe.—Ann. Soc. Geol. Polon.,62, 141–147, Cracow

    Google Scholar 

  • Pomoni-Papaioannou, F., Flügel, E. &Koch, R. (1989): Depositional environments and diagenesis of Upper Jurassic subsurface Sponge- andTubiphytes reef limestones: Altenstein 1 Well, Western Molasse Basin, Southern Germany.—Facies,21, 263–284, Erlangen

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Postma, G. &Roep, T. B. (1985): Resedimented conglomerates in the bottomsets of Gilbert-type gravel deltas.—J. Sediment. Petrol.,55, 874–885, Tulsa

    Google Scholar 

  • Ricken, W. (1985): Epicontinental marl-limestone alternation: event deposition and diagenetic bedding (Upper Jurassic, Southwest Germany).—In:Bayer, U. &Seilacher, A. (eds.): Sedimentary and evolutionary cycles.—Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences, 127–162, Springer, Berlin

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Roux, M., Bourseau, J. P., Bas, T., Dumont, T., de Graciansky, P.-Ch., Lemoine, M. &Rudkiewicz, J.-L. (1988): Bathymetric evolution of the Tethyan margin in the western Alps (data from stalked crinoids): a reapprasal of eustatism problems during the Jurassic.—Bull. Soc. geol. France,4, 633–641, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruiz-Ortiz, P. A. (1983): A carbonate submarine fan in a fault-controlled basin of the Upper Jurassic, Betic Cordillera, southern Spain.—Sedimentology,30, 33–48, Oxford

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rutkowski, J. (1986): On Tertiary fault tectonics in the vicinities of Cracow. (Engl. summary).—Przeglad Geologiczny,1986/10, 587–590, Warszawa

    Google Scholar 

  • Santantonio, M. (1993): Facies associations and evolution of pelagic carbonate platform/basin systems: examples from the Italian Jurassic.—Sedimentology,40, 1039–1067, Oxford

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schlager, W. &Chermak, A. (1979): Sediment facies of platform-basin transition, Tongue of the Ocean, Bahamas.— Spec. Publ. Soc. Econ. Paleont. Mineral.,27, 193–208, Tulsa

    Google Scholar 

  • Stam, B. (1986): Quantitative analysis of Middle to Late Jurassic foraminifera from Portugal and its implication for the Grand Banks of Newfoundland.—Utrecht Micropaleont. Bull.,34, 1–167, Utrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • Steiger, T. (1981): Kalkturbidite im Oberjura der Nördlichen Kalkalpen (Barmsteinkalke, Salzburg, Österreich).—Facies,4, 215–348, Erlangen

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Straaten, v, L. M. J. U., (1971): Origin of Solnhofen limestone. —Geol. Mijnbouw,50, 3–8, Mijnbouw

    Google Scholar 

  • Sun, S. Q. &Wright, V. P. (1989): Peloidal fabrics in Upper Jurassic reefal limestones, Weald Basin, southern England.— Sedimentary Geology,65, 165–181, Amsterdam

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Swierczewska, A. (1989): Cherts of the Upper Oxfordian limestone in the vicinity of Ujard. (in Polish)—In:Rutkowski, J. (ed.): Guidebook 60th Meeting of the Pol. Geol. Soc., 88–90, Cracow

  • Vierek, A. (1994): Episodes of catastrophic processes in the Oxfordian of the Polish Jura. (in Polish).—3-rd Meeting Pol. Sediment., Sosnowiec, 130–132, Uniw. Slask., Sosnowiec

  • Walker, R. G. (1978): Deep-water sandstone facies and ancient submarine fans: Models for exploration for stratigraphic traps.—Bull. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol.,62, 932–966, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  • Wieczorek, J. (1982): Stromatolites versus burrowing organisms at the example of Jurassic deposits of the Cracow-Wielun Upland. (Engl. summary).—Kwart. Geol.,26, 117–135, Warszawa

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeiss, A. (1977): Jurassic stratigraphy of Franconia.—Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturk., Ser. B,31, 32p., Stuttgart

  • Ziegler, P. A. (1990): Geological atlas of Western and Central Europe.—SHELL Int. Petr. Maats. B. V.—Geologic. Soc. Publ. House

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geophysics and Environmental Protection, University of Mining and Metallurgy, Faculty of Geology, al. Mickiewicza 30, PL-30-059, Cracow

    Jacek Matyszkiewicz

Authors
  1. Jacek Matyszkiewicz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Matyszkiewicz, J. The significance ofSaccocoma-calciturbidites for the analysis of the Polish epicontinental late Jurassic Basin: An example from the Southern Cracow-Wielun Upland (Poland). Facies 34, 23–40 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02546155

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02546155

Keywords

Search

Navigation