Abstract
The effects of dietary α-linolenic acid (18∶3n−3) on fatty acid composition, eicosanoid production, and cell-mediated cytotoxic activity of immune cells before and after challenge with virus or poly I-C from BALB/c mice were studied. Weanling BALB/c mice were fed purified diets containing either 10%-by-weight corn oil or linseed oil providing a ratio of 18∶3n−3 to 18∶2n−6 of 1/32 or 2/1, respectively, for 6–10 weeks. Fatty acid analysis of splenocyte phospholipids showed an appreciable increase in the percentage of n−3, and a decrease in n−6, fatty acids in splenocytes from mice fed the linseed oil diet. Splenocyte prostaglandin E and peritoneal exudate cell leukotriene C production was significantly lower in the linseed oilfed mice. In general, cell-mediated cytotoxic activity was similar for immune cells from linseed oil and corn oil-fed mice. However, 6 days after the viral challenge, splenocyte cell-mediated cytotoxic activity was significantly higher in linseed oil mice. This higher activity was associated with nonspecific cytotoxicity rather than that of viral-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. Cell yields from the spleen and peritoneum were frequently significantly higher in linseed oil mice. Interactions between dietary 18∶3n−3, eicosanoid production, and immune cell proliferation and/or migration are discussed. In summary, feeding mice a diet rich in 18∶3n−3 elevates immune cell n−3 fatty acid content, reduces eicosanoid synthesis and, to a limited extent, enhances the cell-mediated cytotoxic response to a viral challenge.
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Abbreviations
- CMC:
-
cell-mediated cytotoxic
- cMEM:
-
complete Eagle's Minimal Essential Medium
- CO:
-
corn oil
- CTL:
-
cytotoxic T lymphocytes
- LO:
-
linseed oil
- LT:
-
leukotriene
- NK:
-
natural killer cell
- PBS:
-
phosphate-buffered saline
- PC:
-
splenocyte choline phosphoglyceride
- PE:
-
ethanolamine phosphoglyceride
- PEC:
-
peritoneal exudate cells
- PG:
-
prostaglandin
- CRD:
-
completely randomized design
- LSD:
-
Fischer's Least Significant Difference
- SAS:
-
Statistical Analysis System
- PFU:
-
plaque-forming units
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Part of a dissertation submitted by Kevin L. Fritsche in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree in Nutritional Sciences
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Fritsche, K.L., Johnston, P.V. Modulation of eicosanoid production and cell-mediated cytotoxicity by dietary α-linolenic acid in BALB/c mice. Lipids 24, 305–311 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02535168
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02535168