Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Measurement and validity of the ventilatory threshold in patients with congenital heart disease

  • Original Articles
  • Published:
Pediatric Cardiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to measure oxygen uptake\((\dot VO_2 )\) at the ventilatory threshold (VT) in patients with congenital heart disease using a progressive exercise protocol on a treadmill and to evaluate the validity and feasibility of this procedure. Eight control subjects and seventeen patients performed a maximal exercise test with breath-by-breath measurement of ventilation and gas exchange variables. VT(VE) was determined by the change in the ventilatory equivalent for\(\dot VO_2 \) and carbon dioxide output, VT(V-sl) by the V-slope method, and the lactate threshold (LT) by the change in blood lactate concentration; these parameters were determined in 100%, 88%, and 96% of subjects, respectively. The interobserver error among three evaluators was not significant, and LT was correlated with each VT (r=0.97, 0.92;p=0.0001) and with peak\(\dot VO_2 \) (r=0.91;p=0.0001). The VTs were correlated with each other when expressed as milliliter per minute and milliliters per kilogram per minute. It was concluded that a progressive exercise protocol on a treadmill was a feasible procedure for determining the VTs in most individuals and that VTs were valid, useful parameters for evaluating submaximal exercise tolerance in patients with congenital heart disease.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Beaver WL, Wasserman K, Whipp BJ (1985) Improved detection of lactate threshold during exercise using a log-log transformation.J Appl Physiol 59:1936–1940

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Beaver WL, Wasserman K, Whipp BJ (1986) A new method for detecting anaerobic threshold by gas exchange.J Appl Physiol 60:2020–2027

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Beaver WL, Wasserman K, Whipp BJ (1986) Bicarbonate buffering of lactic acid generated during exercise.J Appl Physiol 60:472–478

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Caiozzo VJ, Davis JA, Ellis JF, Azus JL, Vandagriff R, Prietto CA, McMaster WC (1982) A comparison of gas exchange indices used to detect the anaerobic threshold.J Appl Physiol 53:1184–1189

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Cooper DM, Weeiler-Ravell D, Whipp BJ, Wasserman K (1984) Aerobic parameters of exercise as a function of body size during growth in children.J Appl Physiol 56:628–634

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Davis JA, Frank MH, Whipp BJ, Wasserman K (1979) Anaerobic threshold alterations caused by endurance training in middle-aged men.J Appl Physiol 46:1039–1046

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Davis JA, Vodak P, Wilmore JH, Vodak J, Kurts P (1976) Anaerobic threshold and maximal aerobic power for three modes of exercise.J Appl Physiol 41:544–550

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Dickstein K, Barvik S, Aarsland T, Snapinn S, Karlsson J (1990) A comparison of methodologies in detection of the anaerobic threshold.Circulation 81 [Suppl II]:38–46

    Google Scholar 

  9. Green HJ, Hughson RL, Orr GW, Ranney DA (1983) Anaerobic threshold, blood lactate, and muscle metabolites in progressive exercise.J Appl Physiol 54:1032–1038

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Itoh H, Taniguchi K (1989) Ramp exercise testing for patients with heart failure (in Japanese).Coronary 6:41–49

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Ohuchi H (1993) Anaerobic threshold in children: evaluation of anaerobic threshold with ramp treadmill exercise testing (abstract).Acta Cardiol Paediatr Jpn 8:493

    Google Scholar 

  12. Palgi Y, Gutin B, Young J, Alejandro D (1984) Physiologic and anthropometric factors underlying endurance performance in children.Int J Sports Med 5:67–73

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Poster JD, Gorman KM, Klein HS, Cline CJ (1987) Ventilatory threshold: measurement and variation with age.J Appl Physiol 63:1519–1525

    Google Scholar 

  14. Reybrouck T, Weymans M, Stijns H, Knops J, van der Hauwaert L (1985) Ventilatory anaerobic threshold in healthy children.Eur J Appl Physiol 54:278–284

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Reybrouck T, Weymans M, Stijns H, von der Hauwaert LG (1986) Ventilatory threshold for evaluating exercise performance in children with congenital left-to-right intracardiac shunt.Pediatr Cardiol 7:19–24

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Reybrouck T, Bisschop T, Dumoulin M, von der Hauwaert LG (1991) Cardiorespiratory exercise capacity after surgical closure of atrial septal defect is influenced by the age at surgery.Am Heart J 122:1073–1078

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Rowland TW, Green GM (1989) Anaerobic threshold and the determination of training target heart rates in premenarchal girls.Pediatr Cardiol 10:75–79

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Shimizu M, Myer J, Buchanan N, Walsh D, Kraemer M, McAuley P, Froelicher VF (1991) The ventilatory threshold: method, protocol, and evaluator agreement.Am Heart J 122:509–516

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Stanley WC, Gertz EW, Wisneski JA (1985) Systemic lactate kinetics during graded exercise in man.Am J Physiol 249:595–602

    Google Scholar 

  20. Surtin MJ, Cobb FR (1990) The anaerobic threshold in chronic heart failure.Circulation 81 [Suppl II]:47–58

    Google Scholar 

  21. Wasserman K (1984) The anaerobic threshold measurement in exercise testing.Clin Chest Med 5:77–88

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Wasserman K, Whipp BJ, Koyal SN, Beaver WL (1973) Anaerobic threshold and respiratory gas exchange during exercise.J Appl Physiol 35:236–243

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Wasserman K, Hansen JE, Sue DY, Whipp BJ (1987)Protocol for exercise testing: principles of exercise testing and interpretation. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, pp 58–71

    Google Scholar 

  24. Whipp BJ, Davis JA, Torres F, Wasserman K (1981) A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise.J Appl Physiol 50:217–221

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Yeh MP, Gardner RM, Adams TD, Yanowitz FG, Crapo RO (1983) “Anaerobic threshold”: problems of determination and validation.J Appl Physiol 55:1178–1186

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, National Cardiovascular Center, 5-7-1, Fujishiro-dai, 565, Suita, Osaka, Japan

    H. Ohuchi, T. Nakajima & T. Kamiya

  2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Gifu, Japan

    M. Kawade

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Fukui, Japan

    M. Matsuda

Authors
  1. H. Ohuchi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. T. Nakajima
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. Kawade
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. M. Matsuda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. T. Kamiya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ohuchi, H., Nakajima, T., Kawade, M. et al. Measurement and validity of the ventilatory threshold in patients with congenital heart disease. Pediatr Cardiol 17, 7–14 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02505805

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02505805

Key words

Search

Navigation