Abstract
Parasitism ofOstrinia nubilalis egg masses byTrichogramma minutum was observed in maize-bare ground monocultures and polycultures of maize/bean/squash and maize/clover. Parasitism rates were 1.9 times higher in monocultures than in polycultures; seasonal phenology of parasitism, however, was similar in both. Parasitism first occurred during the late whorl/early tassel stage of maize; peak parasitism occurred during the mid to late tassel stage, and then dropped off rapidly. We speculate that direct predation of egg masses, and ammensal preemptive competition for egg masses byColeomegilla maculata may have contributed to the decline in parasitism rates in both monocultures and polycultures during the latter part of the season.
Résumé
Le parasitisme des ooplaques d'Ostrinia nubilalis parTrichogramma minutum a été observé dans des monocultures: maïs/trèfle. Les taux de parasitisme étaient 1,9 fois plus élevés en monocultures qu'en polycultures; l'évolution saisonnière du parasitisme était cependant identique dans les 2 cas. Le parasitisme se manifestait au tout début d'apparition de l'épi, passant par un maximum entre le milieu et la fin de l'épiaison, pour décroître rapidement ensuite. On considère que la prédation directe des ooplaques parColeomegilla maculata jointe à la compétition favorable à ce dernier ont dû contribuer à la réduction des taux de parasitisme dans les 2 types de cultures au cours de la dernière partie de la saison.
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Andow, D.A., Risch, S.J. Parasitism in diversified agroecosystems: Phenology ofTrichogramma minutum [Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae]. Entomophaga 32, 255–260 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02373248
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02373248