Abstract
A new paralle plate flow chamber that has a linear variation of shear stress, starting from a predetermined maximum value at the entrance and falling to zero at the exit, has been designed and tested. This is in contrast to the usual rect-angular channel plan which produces a constant shear stress over the entire length. The new design is based on the theory of Hele-Shaw flow between parallel plates. To verify the efficacy of the flow channel, the effect of fluid shear stress on platelet adhesion to a fibrinogen-coated glass surface was tested. The percentage of attached platelets after 5 min of shear stress is shown to be a function of shear stress. With this new flow chamber, cell-cell interactions can be studied efficiently over a wide range of shear stress using a single run at constant discharge.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Batchelor, G.K. An introduction to fluid dynamics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1967: p. 222.
Dewey, C.F.; Bussolari, S.R.; Gimbrone, M.A.; Davies, P.F. The dynamic response of vascular endothelial cells to fluid shear stress. ASME J. Biomech. Eng. 103:177–185; 1981.
Eskin, S.G.; Sybera, H.D.; O'Bannon, W.; Navaro, L.T. Performance of tissue cultured endothelial cells in a mock circulatory loop. Atery 10:159–171; 1982.
Galik, S.; Usami, S.; Jan, K.-M.; Chien, S. Shear stress-induced detachment of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes from endothelial cell monolayers. Biorheology 26: 823–834; 1989.
Grabowski, E.F.; Dishheim, P.; Lewis, J.C.; Franta, J.T.; Stropp, J.Q. Platelet adhesion to foreign surfaces under controlled conditions of whole blood flow: Human vs. rabbit, dog, calf, sheep, pig, macaque, and baboon.
Hochmuth, R.M.; Mohandas, N.; Blackshear, Jr., P.L. Measurement of the elastic modulus for red cell membrane, using a fluid mechanical technique. Biophysical J. 13:747–762; 1973.
Koslow, A.R.; Stromberg, R.R.; Friedman, L.I.; Lutz, R.J.; Hilbert, S.L.; Schuster, P. A flow system for the study of shear forces upon cultured endothelial cells. ASME J. Biomech. Eng. 108:338–341; 1986.
Lamb, H. Hydrodynamics. New York: Dover Press; 1932: p. 582.
Richardson, P.D.; Mohammad, S.F.; Mason, R.G. Flow chamber studies of platelet adhesion at controlled, spatially varied shear rates. Proc. Euro. Soc. Art. Organs 4:175–188; 1878.
Sakariassen, K.S.; Aarts, P.A.M.M.; Dagroot, P.G.; Houdijk, W.P.M.; Sixma, J.A. A perfusion chamber developed to investigate platelet interaction in flowing blood with human vessel wall cells, their extracellular matrix, and purified components. J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 102:522–535; 1983.
Strong, A.B.; Absolm, D.R.; Zingg, W.; Hum, O.; Ledain, C.; Thompson, B.E. A new flow cell for platelet adhesion studies. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 10:71–82; 1980.
Viggers, R.F.; Wechezak, A.R.; Sauvage, L.R. An apparatus to study the response of cultured endothelium to shear stress. ASME J. Biomech. Eng. 108:332–337; 1986.
White, J.G.; Burris, S.M.; Tukey, D.; Smith, C.; Clawson, C.C. Micropipette aspiration of human platelets: Influence of microtubules and actin filaments on deformability. Blood 64:210–214; 1984.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Usami, S., Chen, HH., Zhao, Y. et al. Design and construction of a linear shear stress flow chamber. Ann Biomed Eng 21, 77–83 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02368167
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02368167