Abstract
When dynamic plastic strain exceeds 4-percent deformation in completely annealed polycrystalline aluminum, difficulties in the optical measurment of strain occur because of changes in the diffuse-ambient-background light arising from the growth of a mottled surface, or “organe peel.”
This paper describes how the diffraction-grating technique may be modified to measure dynamic plastic strain for very large strain at high strain rates in the presence of changing light intensity.
The experimental results obtained show that the strain-rate-independent finite-amplitude wave theory, governed by the present writer's generalized, linearly temperature-dependent parabolic stress-strain law, still applies.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Hopkinson, J., “On the Rupture of Iron Wire by a Blow,”Coll. Sci. Papers, Cambridge University Press 2,316 (1901).
Taylor, G. I., “The Plastic Wave in a Wire Extended by an Impact Load,” British Ministry of Home Security, Civil Defense Rsch. Comm. Rpt. R. C. 329 (1942).
Karman, T. von, “On the Propagation of Plastic Deformation in Solids,” Natl. Defense Rsch. Council Rpt., A-29 (February 1942).
Rakhmatulin, K. A., “Propagation of a Wave of Unloading,”Soviet Jnl. Appl. Math. Mech. (Prikl. Mat. Mekh.),9 (1),19 (1945).
Bell, J. F., “Experimental Study of the Interrelation Between the Theory of Dislocations in Polycrystalline Media and Finite Amplitude Wave Propagation in Solids,”Jnl. Appl. Phys.,32 (10),1982–1993 (1961).
Bell, J. F., “Single, Temperature-Dependent Stress-Strain Law for the Dynamic Plastic Deformation of Annealed Face-Centered Cubic Metals,”,34 (1),134–141 (1963).
Bell, J. F., “A Generalized Large Deformation Behaviour for Face-Centered Cubic Solids—High Purity Copper,”Phil. Mag.,10 (103),107–126 (July1964).
Bell, J. F., “Generalized Large Deformation Behaviour for Face-centered Cubic Solids: Nickel, Aluminum, Gold, Silver and Lead,”Phil. Mag. 11 (114),1135–1156 (June1965).
Taylor, G. I., “Plastic Strain in Metals,”Jnl. Inst. Metals,62,307–324 (1938).
Bell, J. F. andWerner, W. M., “Applicability of the Taylor Theory of the Polycrystalline Aggregate to Finite Amplitude Wave Propagation in Annealed Copper,”Jnl. Appl. Phys.,33 (8),2416–2425 (August1962).
Filbey, G. L., “Intense Plastic Waves,” Ph.D. Thesis, The Johns Hopkins University (1961).
Bell, J. F., “Determination of Dynamic Plastic Strain Through the Use of Diffraction Gratings,”Jnl. Appl. Phys.,27 (10),1109–1113 (October1956).
Bell, J. F., “Normal Incidence in the Determination of Large Strain Through the Use of Diffraction Gratings,” Proc., 3rd U. S. Natl. Congr. Appl. Mech., 489–493 (June 1958).
Bell, J. F., “Diffraction Grating Strain Gage,”SESA Proceedings, XVII (2),51–64 (1959).
Bell, J. F., “Experimental Study of Dynamic Plasticity at Elevated Temperatures,”Experimental Mechanics,2 (6),181–186 (1962).
Bell, J. F., “Plastic Wave Propagation in Rods Subject to Longitudinal Impact,” Dept. of the Army, Ballistics Rach. Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, Tech., Rpt. No. 4 (June 1956).
Bell, J. F., “An Experimental Study of the Response of a Thin Plate on the Surface of a Fluid, Subject to Explosive Loading,” NASA Rpt. (November 1964).
Bell, J. F., “Propagation of Large Amplitude Waves in Annealed Aluminum,”Jnl. Appl. Phys.,31 (2),277–282 (1960).
Bell, J. F., “Study of Initial Conditions in Constant Velocity Impact,”Jnl. Appl. Phys.,31 (12),2188–2195 (1960).
Bell, J. F., “Experiments on Large Amplitude Waves in Finite Elastic Strain,” Proc., Symp. Second-Order Effects in Elasticity, Plasticity and Fluid Dynamics (Haifa), 173–186 (April 1962).
Truesdell, C., “General and Exact Theory of Waves in Finite Elastic Strain”, Archive for Rational Mechs. and Analysis,8 (3), (1961).
Hopkinson, B., “A Method of Measuring the Pressure Produced in the Detonation of Explosive by the Impact of Bullets,” Phil. Trans. Royal Soc., A 213, 375 (1914).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bell, J.F. On the direct measurement of very large strain at high strain rates. Experimental Mechanics 7, 8–14 (1967). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02326834
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02326834