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Simultaneous resistance in fungi to ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors and dicarboximides

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Abstract

Several strains ofAspergillus nidulans, Cladosporium cucumerinum andPenicillium italicum with known resistance to ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors were tested for resistance to three dicarboximides. Negligible levels of resistance to iprodione and vinclozolin were observed in one out of three strains ofA. nidulans. Two out of three strains ofC. cucumerinum displayed a low resistance to iprodione, and a high resistance to procymidone and vinclozolin. The latter strains were also moderately resistant to the isoflavonoid phytoalexins medicarpin and pisatin, but sensitive to the antibiotic pimaricin. All sixP. italicum strains examined displayed wild-type sensitivity to all three dicarboximides; the two of these tested in thin-layer chromatographic bioassays proved to be resistant to pimaricin.

Iprodione and vinclozolin induced energy-dependent fenarimol efflux inA. nidulans. In line with this observation, in crossed-paper strip assays iprodione and fenarimol antagonized each other in their toxicity towardsA. nidulans; towardsC. cucumerinum, on the other hand, these fungicides behaved independently.

The implications and practical consequences of the phenomena observed are briefly discussed.

Samenvatting

Verscheidene tegen ergosterolbiosyntheseremmers resistente stammen vanAspergillus nidulans, Cladosporium cucumerinum enPenicillium italicum werden getoetst op resistentie tegen dicarboximiden. Eén der drie onderzochte stammen vanA. nidulans bezat enige resistentie tegen iprodione en vinchlozoline. Twee van de drie onderzochte stammen vanC. cucumerinum vertoonden een lage graad van resistentie tegen iprodione en een zeer hoge tegen procymidone en vinchlozoline. Ze waren ook enigermate resistent tegen de fytoalexinen medicarpine en pisatine, maar gevoelig voor het antibioticum pimaricine. Alle onderzochte stammen vanP. italicum waren voor de drie getoetste dicarboximiden even gevoelig als het wild-type; voorzover onderzocht, bleken deze stammen resistent tegen pimaricine.

Iprodione en, hoewel in mindere mate, vinchlozoline induceerden energieafhankelijke efflux van fenarimol inA. nidulans. In overeenstemming hiermee antagoneerden iprodione en fenarimol elkander in hun activiteit ten opzicht vanA. nidulans. Ten opzichte vanC. cucumerinum gedroegen deze fungiciden zich onafhankelijk van elkaar.

De practische consequenties van de waargenomen verschijnselen worden kort aangeduid.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Phytopathology, Agricultural University, P.O. Box 8025, 6700 EE, Wageningen, the Netherlands

    A. Fuchs, F. W. De Vries & M. A. De Waard

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  1. A. Fuchs
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  2. F. W. De Vries
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  3. M. A. De Waard
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Fuchs, A., De Vries, F.W. & De Waard, M.A. Simultaneous resistance in fungi to ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors and dicarboximides. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 90, 3–11 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02014176

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02014176

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