Summary
Fatty acids increase the coronary flow rate of rat hearts, perfused according to theLangendorff technique. Long-chain and medium-chain fatty acids are more effective vasodilators than short-chain fatty acids. The vasodilatation by fatty acids does not proceed through the intermediate formation of the vasodilator adenosine, nor by stimulation of adenylcyclase activity. Since at low Ca2+ concentrations fatty acids not only stimulate the coronary flow rate but also cardiac contractility, it is suggested that especially the lipophilic fatty acids have calcium ionophoric properties, leading to increased Ca2+ removal from smooth muscle cytosol and hence to vasodilatation. Preliminary experiments, moreover, indicate that both medium- and long-chain fatty acids, like prostaglandin E1 and Ca2+, inhibit membrane ATPase(s) of aorta smooth muscle cells, suggesting increased Ca2+ binding to vascular smooth muscle cell membranes.
Zusammenfassung
Fettsäuren steigern die koronare Durchströmung des Rattenherzens. Höhere Fettsäuren und Fettsäuren mit mittellangen Ketten sind effektiver als flüchtige Fettsäuren. Die fettsäurebedingte Gefäßerweiterung beruht nicht auf einer Stimulierung der Bildung von Adenosin oder zyklischer Adenylsäure. Wenn die Ca++-Konzentration des Perfusionsmediums gesenkt wird, stimulieren Fettsäuren nicht nur die koronare Durchströmung, sondern auch die Kontraktilität des Herzens. Deshalb ist es möglich, daß Fettsäuren in den glatten Gefäßmuskeln die intrazelluläre Ca++-Konzentration senken und in quergestreiften Muskeln steigern. Der Mechanismus ist unsicher. Als Möglichkeit wird erwähnt: Ca++ ionophore Eigenschaften von Fettsäuren in biologischen Membranen, führend zu gesteigerter Bindung von Ca++ an Gefäßmembrane.
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Abbreviations
- ATP:
-
adenosine-5′-triphosphate
- ADP:
-
adenosine-5′-diphosphate
- AMP:
-
adenosine-5′-monophosphate
- cyclic AMP:
-
adenosine-3′,5′-monophosphate
- cyclic GMP:
-
guanosine-3′,5′-monophosphate
- PGE1 :
-
prostaglandin E1
- ATPase:
-
adenosinetriphosphatase
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Hülsmann, W.C. Coronary vasodilatation by fatty acids. Basic Res Cardiol 71, 179–191 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01927870
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01927870