Summary
The available higher oxides of manganese in neutral and alkaline soils are estimated by first treating with alcoholic quinol, then washing with alcohol, and finally extracting with semi-molar calcium nitrate. Healthy soils contain from 20 to 50 p.p.m. of manganese so extractable.
The manganese cycle consists simply of oxidation and reduction, together with aging of oxides. Aging is the most likely mechanism by which added manganese compounds become less available with the passage of time.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Dion, H. G., and Mann, P. J. G., Three-valent manganese in soils. J. Agr. Sci.36, 239–245 (1946).
Fujimoto, C. K., and Sherman, G. D., Behaviour of manganese in the soil and the manganese cycle. Soil Sci.66, 131–145 (1948).
Heintze, S. G., and Mann, P. J. G., Studies on soil manganese. J. Agr. Sci.39, 80–95 (1949).
Jones, L. H. P., and Leeper, G. W., The availability of various manganese oxides to plants. Plant and Soil.3, 141–153 (1951).
Leeper, G. W., Manganese deficiency of cereals: plot experiments and a new hypothesis. Proc. Roy. Soc. Victoria (N.S.)47, 225–261 (1935).
Leeper, G. W., The forms and reactions of manganese in the soil. Soil Sci.63, 79–94 (1947).
Mattson, S., Eriksson, E., and Vahtras, K., Effects of excessive liming on leached acid soils. II. Forms of manganese. Kgl. Lantbruks-Högskol. Ann.15, 291–307 (1948).
Quastel, J. H., Hewitt, E. J., and Nicholas, D. J. D., The control of manganese deficiency in soils. 1. The effects of sulphur and thiosulphates on crops growing on manganese-deficient soils. J. Agr. Sci.38, 315–322 (1948).
Steenbjerg, F., Undersøgelser over Manganindholdet i dansk Jord. I. Det ombyttelige Mangan. Tidsskr. Planteavl39, 401–436 (1933).
Steenbjerg, F., Undersøgelser over Manganindholdet i dansk Jord. II. Det ombyttelige Mangan og dets Afhaengighed af Gødskning og Jordbehandling. Tidsskr. Planteavl40, 337–371 (1934).
Timonin, M. I., Microflora of the rhizosphere in relation to the manganese-deficient disease of oats. Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Proc.11, 284–292 (1947).