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The effects of ampicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole on the periurethral flora of children with urinary tract infection

Die Wirkung von Ampicillin und Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazol auf die periurethrale Flora von Kindern mit Harnwegsinfektion

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Summary

Ampicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were shown to be of similar efficacy in the treatment of acute urinary tract infection of children. It was of interest to determine the effects of these antimicrobial drugs on the periurethral flora and recurrence rates. To this end, seventeen girls with twenty-two separate infections of the urinary tract were treated randomly with a ten-day course of either ampicillin or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Cultures of the urine and periurethral area were obtained before, during (third day), and after (seventeenth day) therapy. AllEscherichia coli strains were serotyped. Both treatments resulted in the disappearance of the pathogens from the urine by the third day in all cases, and in all but one patient on the seventeenth day. The causative agents persisted more frequently in the periurethral area than in the urine on both the third and seventeenth days in patients treated with either ampicillin or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The recurrence rates by the seventeenth day were 50% (4/8) in the ampicillin group, and 14% (2/14) in the trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole group. Although suggestive in favor of the latter treatment, the difference is not statistically significant. In two of the three re-infections in the ampicillin group the microorganisms causing the second attack were present in the periurethral area on the third day. Sixteen of the seventeen girls were studied radiologically; six (37%) had radiologic abnormalities.

Zusammenfassung

Es wurde gezeigt, daß Ampicillin und Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazol eine ähnliche Wirkung in der Behandlung der akuten Harnwegsinfektion bei Kindern haben. Es war unser Anliegen, die Wirkung dieser antimikrobiellen Substanzen auf die periurethrale Flora und die Rückfallraten zu bestimmen. Dazu wurden siebzehn Mädchen mit 22 abgegrenzten Harnwegsinfektionen nach Random-Verfahren zehn Tage lang mit Ampicillin oder Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazol behandelt. Kulturen von Urin und periurethraler Region wurden vor, während (dritter Tag) und nach (siebzehnter Tag) der Behandlung angelegt. AlleEscherichia coli-Stämme wurden serotypisiert. Beide Behandlungsformen führten zu einem Verschwinden der pathogenen Keime aus dem Urin am dritten Tag in allen Fällen und bei allen außer einem Patienten am siebzehnten Tag. Die Entzündungserreger persistierten häufiger in der periurethralen Region als im Urin sowohl am dritten Tag als auch am siebzehnten Tag bei Patienten, die entweder mit Ampicillin oder Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazol behandelt wurden. Die Rückfallraten am siebzehnten Tag betrugen 50% (4/8) in der Ampicillin-Gruppe und 14% (2/14) in der Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazol-Gruppe. Obwohl sich eine Tendenz zugunsten des letztgenannten Behandlungsmodus annehmen läßt, ist der Unterschied nicht statistisch signifikant. Bei zwei der drei Reinfektionen in der Ampicillin-Gruppe waren die Mikroorganismen, die den zweiten Schub auslösten, am dritten Tag in der periurethralen Region anwesend. Sechzehn der siebzehn Mädchen wurden röntgenologisch untersucht. Sechs (37%) hatten röntgenologische Zeichen für Fehlbildungen.

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Dennis Sullivan, T., Ellerstein, N.S. & Neter, E. The effects of ampicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole on the periurethral flora of children with urinary tract infection. Infection 8 (Suppl 3), S339–S341 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01639608

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