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The vertebral foramen: a report concerning its contents

Le foramen vertébral : rapport contenant-contenu

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Summary

Thirteen subjects were randomly selected and embalmed according to Winckler's technique. After removal of the vertebral column and the head in one block the specimens were frozen. Transverse transpedicular cuts were performed at C6, T1, T6, L1, L3, and L5. After enlargement photography, the surface area of the vertebral foramen and its various contents were measured on a computer using the Canvas programme and analysed using the Statview programme. The mean area of the vertebral foramen occupied by the cord was 30.5% at C6, 26.1% at T1, 21.4% at T6, 12.7% at L1, 0.08% at L3. The mean area occupied by the nerve roots was 3.9% at C6, 3.3% at T1, 1.6% at T6, 14.2% at L1, 17.5% at L3, 12.2% at L5. The mean area of all the nervous tissue was 34.4% at C6, 29.5% at T1, 23% at T6, 26.9% at L1, 18.9% at L3, 19.3% at L5. The cerebrospinal fluid occupied a mean area of 25.2% at C6, 30.7% at T1, 31.6% at T6, 43% at L1, 43.5% at L3, and 28.1% at L5. The total neural tissue did not occupy more than a third of the vertebral foramen. These facts should be considered by surgeons who perform laminectomy or decompression in cases of vertebral trauma or congenital and osteoarthritic stenoses.

Résumé

Treize sujets ont été tirés au sort et embaumés selon la technique de Winckler. Après prélèvement de la colonne vertébrale et du segment céphalique en monobloc, les pièces furent congelées et des coupes horizontales pédiculaires pratiquées en C6, T1, T6, L1, L3 et L5. Après photographie et agrandissement, la surface du foramen vertébral et des différents éléments contenus fut mesurée sur ordinateur grâce au programme Canvas et analysée grâce au programme Statview. Le pourcentage d'occupation du foramen vertébral par la moelle est en moyenne de 30,5 % en C6, 26,1 % en T1, 21,4 % en T6, 12,7 % en L1, et 0,08 % en L3. Le pourcentage d'occupation du foramen vertébral par les filets radiculaires est en moyenne de 3,9 % en C6, 3,3 % en T1, 1,6 % en T6, 14,2 % en L1, 17,5 % en L3, et 12,2 % en L5. Le pourcentage d'occupation du foramen vertébral par l'ensemble des éléments nerveux est en moyenne de 34,4 % en C6, 29,5 % en T1, 23 % en T6, 26,9 % en L1, 18,9 % en L3, et 19,3 % en L5. Le pourcentage d'occupation du foramen vertébral par le liquide cérébrospinal est en moyenne de 25,2 % en C6, 30,7 % en T1, 31,6 % en T6, 43 % en L1, 43,5 % en L3, et 28,1 % au L5. Dans l'ensemble les éléments nerveux ne dépassent pas le 1/3 de la surface du foramen vertébral. Ces notions doivent être connues par les chirurgiens qui pratiquent des laminectomie ou corporectomie décompressives dans le cas des traumatismes vertébraux et des sténoses congénitales ou arthrosiques.

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de Peretti, F., Hovorka, I., Ganansia, P. et al. The vertebral foramen: a report concerning its contents. Surg Radiol Anat 15, 287–294 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01627880

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