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Increased resistance amongStaphylococcus epidermidis isolates in a large teaching hospital over a 12-year period

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Abstract

The prevalence of drug resistance among clinically significant blood isolates ofStaphylococcus epidermidis (n=464) and consumption of antibiotics at a tertiary care teaching hospital (Meilahti Hospital, Helsinki) were analysed for the period 1983–1994. Resistance to methicillin increased from 28 to 77%. Simultaneously, usage of thirdgeneration cephalosporins increased nearly sevenfold (from 8.6 kg/ to 56.4 kg/year). A significant correlation was found between percentages of methicillin resistance and usage of penicillinase-stable β-lactam agents, including cloxacillin, imipenem, and first-, second-, and third-generation cephalosporins (r=0.737, p<0.0062). The increase in ciprofloxacin resistance occurred soon after the introduction of ciprofloxacin. Moreover, there was a remarkable increase in resistance to fusidic acid (from 10 to 40%) and rifampin (from 0 to 23%) despite the low usage of these agents. Overall, the rate of multiply resistant isolates roughly tripled (from 20 to 71 %) and, by 1994, the frequency of isolates susceptible to vancomycin only was as high as 11%, which remarkably limits options for therapy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290, Helsinki, Finland

    O. Lyytikäinen, L. Tiittanen & V. Valtonen

  2. Hospital Pharmacy, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290, Helsinki, Finland

    E. Järviluoma & K. Rosenqvist

  3. Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Helsinki University, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290, Helsinki, Finland

    M. Vaara

  4. Department of Infection Epidemiology, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 155, 00300, Helsinki, Finland

    O. Lyytikäinen

Authors
  1. O. Lyytikäinen
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  2. M. Vaara
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  3. E. Järviluoma
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  4. K. Rosenqvist
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  5. L. Tiittanen
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  6. V. Valtonen
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Lyytikäinen, O., Vaara, M., Järviluoma, E. et al. Increased resistance amongStaphylococcus epidermidis isolates in a large teaching hospital over a 12-year period. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 15, 133–138 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01591486

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