Summary
The properties of sulphated cetomacrogol 1000 have been compared with those of the parent nonionic surfactant. The sulphate is more surface active, has a lower critical micelle concentration and is less hydrated. It is more readily salted out from solution. The sulphate is a less efficient stabilizer of chlorobenzene-in-water emulsions than the nonionic, causing flocculation, but is much more effective in stabilizing water-in-chlorobenzene emulsions. The nonionic forms more stable foams than the sulphate. The published CMC's of the sulphated cetyl ethers decrease with increase in ethylene oxide chain length, towards the region of the CMC of their nonionic analogues. This can be quantitatively explained by calculation of the electrical component of the free energy which decreases as the radius of the micelle is increased. Nevertheless from the results discussed in this paper it is apparent that even when the ethylene oxide chain is 21 units long, the sulphate groups retain some influence over the properties of the surfactant.
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Attwood, D., Florence, A.T. A comparison of the properties of a polyoxyethylated nonionic detergent and its sulphate in colloidal systems. Kolloid-Z.u.Z.Polymere 246, 580–586 (1971). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01520840
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01520840