Skip to main content
Log in

In dry pear (Pyrus communis L.) pollen, membranes assume a tightly packed multilamellate aspect that disappears rapidly upon hydration

  • Published:
Protoplasma Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Ultrastructural details of dry (7% moisture content) and hydratedPyrus communis L. pollen are revealed following freezesubstitution preparation for electron microscopy. Dry pollen is characterized by tightly packed, multilamellate membranous profiles found in association with plasma membrane, vesicles, ER, dictyosomes and some double-membrane bound organelles. Dry pollen also shows unit-membrane bound, densely osmiophilic bodies often with tightly packed multilamellations contained within and, at times, in their bounding membranes. These features are not evident in hydrated pollen. Results suggest that multilamellate membranes form as the plasma membrane, vesicles, ER, and double-membrane bound organelles undergo dehydration, and that upon hydration they rapidly resume normal unilamellate structure.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

DOB:

densely osmiophilic body

IMP:

intramembrane particles

MO:

multilamellate organelle

References

  • Barnabas B (1985) Effect of water loss on germination ability of maize (Zea mays L.) pollen. Ann Bot 55: 201–204

    Google Scholar 

  • Bliss RD, Platt-Aloia KA, Thomson WW (1984) Changes in plasmalemma organization in cowpea radicle during imbibition in water and NaCl solutions. Plant Cell Environ 7: 601–606

    Google Scholar 

  • Buttrose MS (1973) Rapid water uptake and structural changes in imbibing seed tissues. Protoplasma 77: 111–122

    Google Scholar 

  • Chabot JF, Leopold AC (1982) Ultrastructural changes of membranes with hydration in soybean seeds. Am J Bot 69: 623–633

    Google Scholar 

  • Dowgert MF, Steponkus PL (1984) Behavior of the plasma membrane of isolated protoplasts during a freeze-thaw cycle. Plant Physiol 75: 1139–1151

    Google Scholar 

  • Dumas C, Gaude T (1981) Stigma pollen recognition and pollen hydration. Phytomorphology 31: 191–201

    Google Scholar 

  • —, Knox RB, Gaude T (1984) Pollen-pistil recognition: new concepts from electron microscopy and cytochemistry. Int Rev Cytol 90: 239–272

    Google Scholar 

  • Elleman CJ, Dickinson HG (1986) Pollen-stigma interactions inBrassica. IV. Structural reorganization in the pollen grains during hydration. J Cell Sci 80: 141–157

    Google Scholar 

  • —, Willison CE, Dickinson HG (1987) Fixation ofBrassica oleracea pollen during hydration: a comparative study. Pollen Spores 29: 273–290

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilkey JC, Staehelin LA (1986) Advances in ultrarapid freezing for the preservation of cellular ultrastructure. J Electron Microsc Tech 3: 177–210

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordon-Kamm WJ, Steponkus PL (1984 a) The influence of cold acclimation on the behavior of the plasma membrane following osmotic contraction of isolated protoplasts. Protoplasma 123: 161–173

    Google Scholar 

  • — — (1984 b) The behavior of the plasma membrane following osmotic contraction of isolated protoplasts: implications in freezing injury. Protoplasma 123: 83–94

    Google Scholar 

  • Heslop-Harrison J (1979 a) An interpretation of the hydrodynamics of pollen. Am J Bot 66: 737–743

    Google Scholar 

  • — (1979 b) Aspects of the structure, cytochemistry and germination of the pollen of rye (Secale cereale L.). Ann Bot 44 [Suppl 1]: 1–47

    Google Scholar 

  • — (1987) Pollen germination and pollen-tube growth. Int Rev Cytol 107: 1–78

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoekstra FA (1983) Physiological evolution in angiosperm pollen: possible role of pollen vigour. In: Mulcahy DL, Ottaviano E (eds) Pollen biology and implications for plant breeding. Elsevier, New York, pp 35–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerhoas C, Gay G, Dumas C (1987) A multidisciplinary approach to the study of the plasma membrane ofZea mays pollen during controlled dehydration. Planta 171: 1–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Lancelle SA, Callaham DA, Hepler PK (1986) A method for rapid freeze fixation of plant cells. Protoplasma 131: 153–165

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin JJ, Dickinson DB (1984) Ability of pollen to germinate prior to anthesis and effect of desiccation on germination. Plant Physiol 74: 746–748

    Google Scholar 

  • Luza JG, Polito VS (1987) Effects of desiccation and controlled rehydration on germination in vitro of pollen of walnut (Juglans spp.). Plant Cell Environ 10: 487–492

    Google Scholar 

  • Luzzati V, Husson F (1962) The structure of the liquid-crystalline phases of lipid-water systems. J Cell Biol 12: 207–219

    Google Scholar 

  • McKersie BD, Stinson RH (1980) Effect of dehydration on leakage and membrane structure inLotus corniculatus L. seeds. Plant Physiol 66: 316–320

    Google Scholar 

  • Nir I, Klein S, Poljakoff-Mayber A (1969) Effect of moisture stress on submicroscopic structure of maize roots. Aust J Biol Sci 22: 17–33

    Google Scholar 

  • O'Brien TP, McCully ME (1981) The study of plant structure. Principles and selected methods. Termarcarphi Pvt, Melbourne

    Google Scholar 

  • Öpik H (1985) The fine structure of some dry seed tissues observed after completely anhydrous chemical fixation. Ann Bot 56: 453–466

    Google Scholar 

  • Pearce RS (1982) Ultrastructure of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb. cv. S 170) cells fixed while exposed to lethal or non-lethal extracellular freezing. New Phytol 92: 259–272

    Google Scholar 

  • —, Willison JHM (1985) A freeze-etch study of the effects of extracellular freezing on cellular membranes of wheat. Planta 163: 304–316

    Google Scholar 

  • Platt-Aloia KA, Thomson WW (1985) Freeze-fracture evidence of gel-phase lipids in membranes of senescing cowpea cotyledons. Planta 163: 360–369

    Google Scholar 

  • —, Lord EM, Demason DA, Thomson WW (1986) Freeze-fracture observations on membranes of dry and hydrated pollen fromCollomia, Phoenix andZea. Planta 168: 291–298

    Google Scholar 

  • Priestly DA, De Kruijff B (1982) Phospholipid motional characteristic in a dry biological system. A31P-nuclear magnetic resonance study of hydratingTypha latifolia pollen. Plant Physiol 70: 1075–1078

    Google Scholar 

  • Seewaldt V, Priestly DA, Leopold AC, Feigenson GW, Goodsaid-Zalduondo F (1981) Membrane organization in soybean seeds during hydration. Planta 152: 19–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Shivanna KR, Heslop-Harrison J (1981) Membrane state and pollen viability. Ann Bot 47: 759–770

    Google Scholar 

  • Simon EW (1974) Phospholipids and plant membrane permeability. New Phytol 73: 377–420

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh J (1979) Ultrastructural alterations in cells of hardened and non-hardened winter rye during hyperosmotic and extracellular freezing stresses. Protoplasma 98: 329–341

    Google Scholar 

  • Steponkus PL (1984) Role of the plasma membrane in freezing injury and cold acclimation. Ann Rev Plant Physiol 35: 543–584

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomson WW (1979) Ultrastructure of dry seed tissue after a nonaqueous primary fixation. New Phytol 82: 207–212

    Google Scholar 

  • —, Platt-Aloia K (1982) Ultrastructure and membrane permeability in cowpea seeds. Plant Cell Environ 5: 367–373

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiwari SC, Polito VS (1988) Spatial and temporal organization of actin during hydration, activation, and germination of pollen inPyrus communis L.: a population study. Protoplasma 147: 5–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Webb MA, Arnott HJ (1982) Cell wall conformation in dry seeds in relation to the preservation of structural integrity during desiccation. Am J Bot 69: 1657–1668

    Google Scholar 

  • Webster BD, Leopold AC (1977) The ultrastructure of dry and imbibed cotyledons of soybean. Am J Bot 64: 1286–1293

    Google Scholar 

  • Yatsu LY (1983) Electron microscopy of dry peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seeds crushed for oil removal. Fixation and embedding of anhydrously prepared tissues. Protoplasma 117: 1–6

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Tiwari, S.C., Polito, V.S. & Webster, B.D. In dry pear (Pyrus communis L.) pollen, membranes assume a tightly packed multilamellate aspect that disappears rapidly upon hydration. Protoplasma 153, 157–168 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01354000

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01354000

Keywords

Navigation