Summary
Embryogenic callus was induced on segments of young leaves of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) cultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with 0.5–3.0 mg/2,4-D, 5% coconut milk and 3–8% sucrose. The fourth and fifth leaves, especially their midrib and sheath regions within 5 cm from the leaf base, were most suitable for the induction of embryogenic callus. Many embryoids (= somatic embryos) were formed when the callus was transferred to low 2,4-D media (0.25–0.5 mg/l), or was allowed to remain on the high 2,4-D medium for a prolonged period. Plantlets obtained from the germination of embryoids were transferred to soil and grown to maturity.
The embryogenic callus was formed by divisions in mesophyll cells situated primarily in the abaxial half of the leaf, and also from cells of the vascular parenchyma. The embryoids developed by internal segmenting divisions in single richly cytoplasmic cells located at the periphery of the embryogenic callus and showed the typical organization of grass embryos.
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Abbreviations
- ABA:
-
abscisic acid
- AZG:
-
8-azaguanine
- BAP:
-
benzylaminopurine
- CCC:
-
chlorocholine chloride
- CH:
-
casein hydrolysate
- CM:
-
coconut milk
- 2,4-D:
-
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- GA:
-
gibberellic acid
- MS:
-
Murashige andSkoog's medium
- NAA:
-
naphthaleneacetic acid
- Picloram:
-
4-amino-3, 5, 6-trichloropicolinic acid
- YE:
-
yeast extract
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Florida Agriculture Experiment Station Journal Series No. 4189.
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Ho, W.J., Vasil, I.K. Somatic embryogenesis in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) I. The morphology and physiology of callus formation and the ontogeny of somatic embryos. Protoplasma 118, 169–180 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01281800
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01281800