Abstract
The role of the fibre-matrix interphase in transferring load from the matrix to the fibre in graphite-thermoplastic composites is not well understood. The goal of this work was to alter the interphase of graphite-thermoplastic monofilament composites in a controlled manner by treating the fibre surface, and then correlating fibre surface morphology, fibre surface energy, fibre strength, and matrix properties with interphase behaviour. A monofilament composite system was employed to study the fibre-matrix interphase because fibre-fibre interaction and processing variability are eliminated. A fragmentation method was used to observe the interphase behaviour of the monofilament composites indirectly by measuring the interphase shear stress, a parameter which governs the load transfer from the matrix to the fibre. It was found that the improvement in the ability of the interphase to transfer load from the matrix to the fibre increased with the severity of the treatment and was due primarily to increased micromechanical locking (increased surface roughness). Debonding at the interphase occurred along either the fibre-matrix interphase (in the composites with a tough matrix) or perpendicular to the fibre (in composites with a weaker matrix, and a strong interphase). Thus the matrix properties, by limiting the properties of the composite, strongly influenced the value of improving the interphase properties.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R. C. Tennyson, T. A. Waterhouse, S. Newman andM. T. Takemori,Polym. Compos. 6 (1982) 437.
L. T. Drzal,Adv. Polym. Sci. 75 (1986) 1.
A. N. Netravali, R. B. Henstenberg, S. L. Phoenix andP. Schwartz,Polym. Compos. 10 (1989) 226.
L. DiLandro, A. T. DiBenedetto andJ. Groeger,ibid. 9 (1988) 209.
P. Ehrburger andJ. B. Donnet,Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A294 (1980) 495.
D. H. Kaelble,J. Adhesion 5 (1973) 245.
W. Gutowski,ibid.,23 (1987) 187.
J. L. Kardos, “Molecular Characterization of Composite Interfaces” (Plenum, 1985).
N. Sato, T. Kurauchi, S. Sato andO. Kamigaito,J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 2 (1983) 188.
J. Nairn andP. Zoller,J. Mater. Sci. 20 (1985) 355.
F. J. McGarry andM. Fujiwara, in Proceedings of 23rd Annual Technical Conference, Reinforced Plastics Division (SPI) (1968).
W. D. Bascom andR. M. Jensen,J. Adhesion 19 (1986) 219.
C. Galiotis, Private Communication (1990).
A. T. DiBenedetto, L. Nicolais, L. Ambrosio andJ. Groeger, in Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Composite Interfaces (ICCI-I), Cleveland, Ohio, 1986, edited by H. Ishida and J. L. Koenig (Elsevier Science, NY, 1986) p. 47.
L. DiLandro, A. T. DiBenedetto andJ. Groeger,Polym. Compos. 9 (1988) 209.
M. Narkis, E. J. H. Chen andR. B. Pipes,ibid. 9 (1988) 245.
J. C. Figueroa, L. S. Schadler andC. Laird, in Proceedings of the Materials Research Society, November 1989, Vol. 170, edited by C. G. Pantano and E. J. H. Chen (Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, PA, 1989) p. 65.
L. S. Schadler, J. C. Figueroa andC. Laird,ibid.in p. 345.
M. Narkis, S. Chaouat-Sibony, L. Nicolais, A. Apicella andJ. P. Bell,Polym. Commun. 26 (1985) 339.
B. Miller andR. A. Young,J. Textile Res. 45 (1975) 359.
S. Wu, “Polymer Interface and Adhesion” (Dekker, New York, 1982).
H. J. Busscher, A. W. J. Van Pelt, P. De Boer, H. P. Jong andJ. Arends,Colloids & Surfaces 9 (1984) 319.
A. Kelly andW. R. Tyson,J. Mech. Phys. Solids 13 (1965) 329.
L. S. Schadler, N. Melanitis, C. Galiotis, J. C. Figeuroa andC. Laird,J. Mater. Sci. in press.
L. S. Schadler, J. C. Figueroa andC. Laird, in Proceedings of Advanced Materials Conference II, March 1989, edited by F. W. Smith (Advanced Materials Institute, Denver, CO, 1989) p. 638.
L. T. Drzal, M. J. Rich, M. F. Koenig andP. F. Lloyd,J. Adhesion 16 (1983) 133.
U. Gaur andT. Davidson, in Proceedings of the Materials Research Society, November 1989, Vol. 170, edited by C. G. Pantano and E. J. H. Chen (Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, PA, 1989) p. 309.
E. T. M. Asloun, N. Nardin andJ. Schultz,J. Mater. Sci. 24 (1989) 1835.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schadler, L.S., Laird, C. & Figueroa, J.C. Interphase behaviour in graphite-thermoplastic monofilament composites. J Mater Sci 27, 4024–4034 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01105100
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01105100