Characterization of ion beam modified ceramic wear surfaces using Auger electron spectroscopy

Abstract

An investigation of the surface chemistry and morphology of the wear surfaces of ceramic material surfaces modified by ion beam mixing has been conducted using Auger electron spectroscopy and secondary electron microscopy. Studies have been conducted on ceramic/ceramic friction and wear couples made up of TiC and NiMo-bonded TiC cermet pins run against Si₃N₄ and partially stabilized zirconia disc surfaces modified by the ion beam mixing of titanium and nickel, as well as unmodified ceramic/ceramic couples in order to determine the types of surface changes leading to the improved friction and wear behaviour of the surface modified ceramics in simulated diesel environments. The results of the surface analyses indicate that the formation of a lubricating oxide layer of titanium and nickel, is responsible for the improvement in ceramic friction and wear behaviour. The beneficial effect of this oxide layer depends on several factors, including the adherence of the surface modified layer or subsequently formed oxide layer to the disc substrate, the substrate materials, the conditions of ion beam mixing, and the environmental conditions.