Skip to main content
Log in

Personnel exposure to diazinon in a supervised pest eradication program

  • Published:
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Dermal and respiratory exposure was measured for 15 workers applying a granular diazinon pesticide formulation, using equipment more typical of residential home owner use than large scale or agricultural operations. Urine samples were analyzed for the metabolic product diethylthiophosphate (DETP). The primary determinants of exposure and exposure distribution were job classification and the use of one type of broadcast spreader. Diazinon exposures ranged from 0.1 to 11 mg/day for workers, and from 0.03 to 0.3 mg/day for supervisory personnel, during sampling periods ranging from 3.3 to 7 hr. Individual exposures correlated well with observed duties. An association was found between morning shift diazinon exposure and afternoon urinary DETP levels.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anonymous (1986) Threshold limit values and biological exposure indices for 1986–1987, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists

  • Berkow SG (1931) Value of surface-area proportions in the prognosis of cutaneous burns and scalds. Am J Surg 11:315–317

    Google Scholar 

  • Coye MJ, Lowe JA, Maddy KJ (1984) Biological monitoring of agricultural workers exposed to pesticides: II. Monitoring of intact pesticides and their metabolites. J Occup Med 28:628–636

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis JE, Stevens ER, Staiff DC, Butler LC (1983) Potential exposure to diazinon during yard applications. Environ Monitoring Assess, 3:23–28

    Google Scholar 

  • DuBois D, DuBois EF (1916) A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known. Arch Intern Med 17:863–871

    Google Scholar 

  • Durham WF, Wolfe HR (1962) Measurement of exposure of workers to pesticides. Bull WHO 26:75–91

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Folin O (1914) On the determination of creatinine and creatine in urine. J Biol Chem 17:469–473

    Google Scholar 

  • Franklin CA (1984) Estimation of dermal exposure to pesticides and its use in risk assessment. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 62:1037–1039

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Franklin CA, Fenske RA, Greenhalgh R, Mathiew L, Denley HV, Leffingwell JT, Spear RC (1981) Correlation of urinary pesticide metabolite excretion with estimated dermal contact in the course of occupational exposure to guthion. J Toxicol Environ Health 7:715–731

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Freeborg RP, Daniel WH, Konopinski VJ (1985) Applicator exposure to pesticides applied to turfgrass. In: Honeycutt RC, Zweig G, Ragsdale NN (eds) Dermal exposure related to pesticide use. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, pp 139–161

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayes AL, Wise RA, Weir FW (1980) Assessment of occupational exposure to organophosphates in pest control operators. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 41:568–575

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ito G, Kilgore WW, Seabury JJ (1979) Effect of freezer storage on alkyl phosphate metabolites in urine. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 22:530–535

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Knarr RD, Cooper GL, Brian EA, Kleinschmidt MG, Graham DG (1985) Worker exposure during aerial application of a liquid and a granular formulation of Ordram® selective herbicide to rice. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 14:523–527

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kurtz DA, Bodew M (1985) Application exposure to the home gardener. In: Honeycutt RC, Zweig G, Ragsdale NN (eds) Dermal exposure related to pesticide use. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, p 139–161

    Google Scholar 

  • Lotti M, Becker CE, Aminoff MJ, Woodrow JE, Seiber JN, Talcott RE, Richardson RJ (1983) Occupational exposure to the cotton defoliants DEF and merphos. J Occup Med 25:517–522

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Maizlish N, Schenker M, Weisskopf C, Seiber J (1987) A behavioral evaluation of pest control workers with short-term, low-level exposure to the organophosphate diazinon. Am J Ind Med, 12:153–172

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moody RP, Franklin CA, Dieter R, Muir NL, Greenhalgh R, Hladka A (1985) A new GC on-column methylation procedure for analysis of DMTP (0,0-dimethyl phosphorothioate) in urine of workers exposed to fenitrothion. J Agric Food Chem 33:464–467

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan DP, Hetzler HL, Slach EF, Lin LI (1977) Urinary excretion of paranitrophenol and alkyl phosphates following ingestion of methyl or ethyl parathion by human subjects. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 6:159–173

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mount EM (1984) Diagnostic value of urinary dialkyl phosphate measurement in goats exposed to diazinon. Am J Vet Res 45:817–824

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peoples SH, Maddy K, Datta PR,et al. (1981) Monitoring of potential exposures of mixer-loaders, pilots, and flaggers during application of tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF) and tributyl phosphorotrithioite (Folex®) to cotton fields in the San Joaquin Valley of California in 1979. California Department of Food and Agriculture, Publication HS-676

  • Reimer F, Dahlenburg R, Grisk A (1985) Renale exkretion von dimethyl-phosphat und seinen thioderivaten nach applikation von Dimethoat, Bromophos, Naled, oder Trichlorfon bei ratten. Die Nahrung, 29:299–302

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe HR, Durham WF, Armstrong JF (1967) Exposure of workers to pesticides. Arch Environ Health 14:622–633

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe HR, Armstrong JF, Durham WF (1974) Exposure of mosquito control workers to fenthion. Mosquito News 34:263–267

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodrow JE, Seiber JN (1978) Portable device with XAD-4 resin trap for sampling airborne residues of some organophosphorus pesticides. Anal Chem 50:1229–1231

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Weisskopf, C.P., Seiber, J.N., Maizlish, N. et al. Personnel exposure to diazinon in a supervised pest eradication program. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 17, 201–212 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01056026

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01056026

Keywords

Navigation