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Vascularization of the hypothalamo-hypophysial-complex in the white-crowned sparrow,Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii

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Summary

  1. 1.

    The main arterial supply to the hypothalamo-hypophysial neurosecretory system of theZonotrichia leucophrys gambelii is provided by the anterior rami of the right and left internal carotid arteries.

  2. 2.

    The supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei are supplied by the preoptic arteries which are the branches of the right and left anterior cerebral arteries. Distinctive capillary plexus occur in the vicinity of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei.

  3. 3.

    The median eminence and neural lobe are supplied by the infundibular artery which is a constant branch of the anterior ramus.

  4. 4.

    There aredistinct anterior and posterior capillary plexus corresponding to the anterior and posterior divisions of the median eminence.

  5. 5.

    Distinct anterior and posterior groups of portal vessels drain the anterior and posterior primary capillary plexus, respectively. Only minor capillary-caliber anastomoses occur between the two groups.

  6. 6.

    The anterior group of portal vessels is mainly distributed into the sinusoids of the cephalic lobe of the pars distalis, whereas the posterior group of the portal vessels supplied mainly the sinusoids of the caudal lobe of the pars distalis.

  7. 7.

    The blood from the pars distalis is drained into the cavernous-sinus system and via the carotid veins into the jugular venous system.

  8. 8.

    The venous blood from the neural lobe is also drained directly into the cavernous sinuses. There is no evidence that the venous blood from the neural lobe enters the sinusoids of the pars distalis.

  9. 9.

    The venous drainage from the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei is into the preoptic radicles of the middle cerebral vein and thence via the transverse sinus and the occipital vein into the jugular system.

  10. 10.

    The differentiation of the primary eminential capillary plexus into the anterior and posterior divisions correlates well with the arrangement of the neural components in the anterior and posterior divisions of the median eminence. The peculiar arrangement and distribution of the portal vessels into the cephalic and caudal lobes of the pars distalis may be related to a cytological and functional differentiation of these lobes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Laboratories of Zoophysiology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington

    Arturs Vltums,  Shin-Ichi Mikami,  Andreas Oksche &  Donald S. Farner

  2. Anatomisches Institut der Universität Kiel, Germany

    Arturs Vltums,  Shin-Ichi Mikami,  Andreas Oksche &  Donald S. Farner

  3. Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan

    Shin-Ichi Mikami

Authors
  1. Arturs Vltums
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  2. Shin-Ichi Mikami
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  3. Andreas Oksche
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  4. Donald S. Farner
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Additional information

The original investigations reported herein were supported by a research grant, HE 07240 (NEUA) from the National Institutes of Health to ProfessorsVitums andFarner and by a research grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft to Dr.Oksche.

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Vltums, A., Mikami, SI., Oksche, A. et al. Vascularization of the hypothalamo-hypophysial-complex in the white-crowned sparrow,Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii . Z.Zellforsch 64, 541–569 (1964). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01045125

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