This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Barker, M. (1976). Planning for environmental indices: Observer appraisals of air quality. In K. Craik & E. Zube (Eds.),Perceiving environmental quality (pp. 175–204). New York: Plenum Press.
Bleda, P., & Bleda, S. (1978). Effects of sex and smoking on reactions to spatial invasion at a shopping mall.Journal of Social Psychology, 104, 311–312.
Briere, J., Downes, A., & Spensley, J. (1983). Summer in the city: Urban weather conditions and psychiatric-emergency room visits.Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 92, 77–80.
Brownell, A., & Shumaker, S. (1984). Social support: New perspectives in theory, research, and interventions.Journal of Social Issues, 40, 1–134.
Catalano, R. (1984). Urban planning, public health, and the human costs of economic change.Journal of Planning Research and Education, 3, 110–117.
Catalano, R., & Dooley, D. (1983). The health effects of economic instability: A test of the economic stress hypothesis.Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24, 46–60.
Cohen, S. (1980). Aftereffects of stress on human performance and social behavior: A review of research and theory.Psychological Bulletin, 88, 82–108.
Cohen, S., Evans, G. W., Krantz, D. S. & Stokols, D. (1980). Physiological, motivational, and cognitive effects of aircraft noise on children: Moving from the laboratory to the field.American Psychologist, 35, 231–243.
Cohen, S., Evans, G. W., Krantz, D. S., & Stokols, D. (1986).Behavior, health, and environmental stress. New York: Plenum Press.
Cohen, S., & Syme, L. (Eds.). (1985).Social support and health. New York: Academic Press.
Cunningham, M. (1979). Weather, mood and helping behavior: Quasi-experiments with the sunshine samaritan.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1947–1956.
Dohrenwend, B. P., & Dohrenwend, B. S. (1969).Social status and psychological disorder. New York: Wiley.
Dohrenwend, B. P., Oskenberg, L. Shrout, P., Dohrenwend, B. S., & Cook, D. (1981). What brief psychiatric screening scales measure. In S. Sudman (Ed.),Health survey research methods: Third biennial conference (pp. 188–198). Washington, DC: National Center for Health Services Research.
Dohrenwend, B. S. (1978). Social stress and community psychology.American Journal of Community Psychology, 6, 1–14.
Dohrenwend, B. S., Krasnoff, L., Askensay, S., & Dohrenwend, B. P. (1978). Exemplification of a method for scaling life events: The PERI life events scale.Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 19, 205–229.
Dooley, D., & Catalano, R. (1980). Economic change as a cause of behavioral disorder.Psychological Bulletin, 87, 450–468.
Dooley, D., & Catalano, R. (1984). The epidemiology of economic stress: Barbara Snell Dohrenwend Memorial Lecture.American Journal of Community Psychology, 12, 387–409.
Dubos, R. (1965).Man adapting. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Evans, G. W. (Ed.). (1982).Environmental stress. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Evans, G. W., & Cohen, S. (in press). Environmental stress. In D. Stokols & I. Altman (Eds.),Handbook of environmental psychology. New York: Wiley.
Evans, G. W., & Jacobs, S. V. (1981). Air pollution and human behavior.Journal of Social Issues, 37, 95–125.
Fleming, R., Baum, A., & Singer, J. (1984). Toward an integrative approach to the study of stress.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 939–949.
Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1980). An analysis of coping in a middle-aged community sample.Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 21, 219–239.
Frankenhaeuser, M., & Lundberg, U. (1977). The influence of cognitive set on performance and arousal under different noise loads.Motivation and Emotion, 1, 139–149.
Glass, D., & Singer, J. (1972).Urban stress. New York: Academic Press.
Goldsmith, J., & Friberg, L. (1977). Effects of air pollution on human health. In A. C. Stern (Ed.),Air pollution (3rd ed., Vol. 3, pp. 458–610). New York: Academic Press.
Haan, N. (1977).Coping and defending: Processes of self-environment organization. New York: Academic Press.
Hartsough, D., & Savitsky, J. (1984). Three Mile Island: Psychology and environmental policy at a crossroads.American Psychologist, 39, 1113–1122.
Hollingshead, A., & Redlich, F. (1958).Social class and mental illness. New York: Wiley.
Holmes, T., & Rahe, R. (1967). The social readjustment scale.Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 4, 189–194.
Jones, J. (1978). Adverse emotional reactions of nonsmokers to secondary cigarette smoke.Environmental Psychology and Nonverbal Behavior, 3, 125–127.
Jones, J., & Bogat, G. (1978). Air pollution and human aggression.Psychological Reports, 43, 721–722.
Kobasa, S. (1979). Stressful life events, personality, and health: An inquiry into hardiness.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1–11.
Langner, T. (1962). A twenty-two item screening score of psychiatric symptoms indicating impairment.Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 3, 269–276.
Lazarus, R., & Cohen, J. (1977). Environmental stress. In J. F. Wohlwill, & I. Altman (Eds.),Human behavior and environment (pp. 90–127). New York: Plenum Press.
Pearlin, L., Menaghan, E., Lieberman, M., & Mullan, J. (1981). The stress process.Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 22, 337–356.
Pearlin, L., & Schooler, C. (1978). The structure of coping.Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 19, 2–21.
Rabkin, J., & Struening, E. (1976). Life events, stress, and illness.Science, 194, 1013–1020.
Randolph, T. (1970). Domiciliary chemical air pollution in the etiology of ecological mental illness.International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 16, 243–265.
Rotton, J. (1983). Affective and cognitive consequences of malodorous pollution.Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 4, 171–191.
Rotton, J., Barry, T., Frey, J., & Soler, E. (1978). Air pollution and interpersonal attraction.Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 8, 57–71.
Rotton, J., & Frey, J. (1984). Psychological costs of air pollution: Atmospheric conditions, seasonal trends, and psychiatric emergencies.Population and Environment, 7, 3–16.
Rotton, R., Frey, J., Barry, T., Milligan, M., & Fitzpatrick, M. (1979). The air pollution experience and physical aggression.Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 9, 397–412.
Seligman, M. E. P. (1975).Helplessness. San Francisco: Freeman.
Selye, H. (1956).The stress of life. New York: McGraw-Hill.
South Coast Air Quality Management District. (1981).Annual report. Los Angeles: Author.
Stone, J., Breidenbach, S., & Heimstra, N. (1979). Annoyance response of nonsmokers to cigarette smoke.Perceptual and Motor Skills, 49, 907–916.
Strahilevitz, M., Strahilevitz, A., & Miller, J. (1979). Air pollution and the admission rate of psychiatric patients.American Journal of Psychiatry, 136, 205–207.
Theorell, T., & Floderus-Myrhed, B. (1977). Workload and risk of myocardial infarction: A prospective psychosocial analysis.International Journal of Epidemiology, 6, 17–21.
Trodahl, V., & Carter, R. (1964). Random selection of respondents within households in phone surveys.Journal of Marketing Research, 1, 71–76.
Thoits, P. (1983). Dimensions of life events that influence psychological distress: An evaluation and synthesis of the literature. In H. B. Kaplan (Ed.),Psychosocial stress (pp. 33–104). New York: Academic Press.
Weiss, B. (1983). Behavioral toxicology and environmental health science.American Psychologist, 38, 1174–1187.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This research was partially supported by the National Institute for Mental Health (MH 28924-10A1), and the Southern California Edison Health Effects Research Laboratory (J-1909902). We thank Jean Ospital, Len Edwards, and Julian Foon for their assistance, and Daniel Stokols for critical comments on earlier drafts.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Evans, G.W., Jacobs, S.V., Dooley, D. et al. The interaction of stressful life events and chronic strains on community mental health. Am J Commun Psychol 15, 23–34 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00919755
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00919755