Abstract
A review of recent developments in the theory of the effects of binary collisions on the spectral profiles associated with atomic and molecular systems is presented. To consistently account for collisional perturbations of both the internal energy levels and the velocity of active (emitting or absorbing) atoms or molecules, one must use a theory in which the center-of-mass motion of the active atoms has been quantized. Following this procedure general equations for absorption or emission line shapes are obtained. The line shapes may exhibit narrowing or broadening with increasing perturber pressure, depending upon the nature of the collision interaction. The physical significance of the collision mechanisms giving rise to such behavior is discussed, as is the experimental evidence in support of the theory. Various applications of the theory are presented.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R.G. Breene, Jr.:The Shift and Shape of Spectral Lines (Pergamon Press, Inc. New York 1961)
M. Baranger: InAtomic and Molecular Processes, ed. by D. R. Bates (Academic Press, New York 1962) Chapter 13
H.R. Griem: InPlasma Spectroscopy (McGraw Hill Book Co., New York 1964) Chapter 4
J.T. Jeffries:Spectral Line Formation (Blaisdell Pub. Co., Waltham, Mass 1968)
I.I. Sobelman:Introduction to the Theory of Atomic Spectra (Pergamon Press, New York 1972)
S.Y. Chen, M. Takeo: Rev. Mod. Phys.29, 20 (1957)
R.G. Breene, Jr.: Rev. Mod. Phys.29, 94 (1957)
J. Cooper: Rev. Mod. Phys.39, 167 (1967) References [9–22] have semi-classical treatments of collisions and neglect velocity-changing effects.
E. Lindholm: Arkiv Mat. Astron. Fysik32 A, 1 (1945)
H.M. Foley: Phys. Rev.69, 616 (1946)
P.W. Anderson: Phys. Rev.76, 647 (1949)
C.J. Tsao, B. Curnette: J. Quant. Spectro. Radiative Transfer2, 41 (1962)
F.W. Byron, Jr., H.M. Foley: Phys. Rev.134, A 625 (1964)
M.I. D'Yakonov, V.I. Perel: Soviet Phys. JETP21, 227 (1965)
A. Omont: J. Phys. Radium26, 26 (1965)
A.P. Kazantsev: Soviet Phys. JETP24, 1183 (1967)
A. Omont, J. Meunier: Phys. Rev.169, 92 (1968)
V.N. Rebane: Opt. Spectr. (USSR)26, 371 (1969)
P.R. Berman, W.E. Lamb, Jr.: Phys. Rev.187, 221 (1969)
E.L. Lewis, L.F. McNamara: Phys. Rev. A5, 2643 (1972)
C.G. Carrington, D.N. Stacey, J. Cooper: J. Phys. B6, 417 (1973)
E. Roeuff: J. Phys. B7, 185 (1974) References [23–28] have quantum-mechanical treatments of collisions, but ultimately neglect velocity-changing effects.
M. Baranger: Phys. Rev.111, 481 (1958); ibid. M. Baranger: Phys. Rev.111, 494 (1958); ibid. M. Baranger: Phys. Rev.112, 855 (1958)
D.W. Ross: Ann. Phys. (N.Y.)36, 458 (1966)
V.V. Yakimets: Soviet Phys. JETP24, 990 (1967)
B. Bezzerides: J. Quant. Spectr. Radiative Transfer7, 353 (1967)
Y.A. Vdovin, V.M. Galitskii: Soviet Phys. JETP25, 894 (1967)
H.R. Zaidi: Phys. Rev.173, 123 (1968)
See, for example, R.E.M. Hedges, D.L. Drummond, A. Gallagher: Phys. Rev. A6, 1519 (1972)
W. Voigt: K. Bayer. Akad. München, Ber. 603 (1912)
P.R. Berman: J. Quant. Spectr. Radiative Transfer12, 1331 (1972); J. Ward, J. Cooper, E.W. Smith: ibid. J. Quant. Spectr. Radiative Transfer14, 555 (1974)
R.H. Dicke: Phys. Rev.89, 472 (1953)
J.P. Wittke, R.H. Dicke: Phys. Rev.103, 620 (1956);
P.L. Bender, A.R. Chi: Phys. Rev.112, 450 (1958);
M. Arditi, T.R. Carver: Phys. Rev.112, 449 (1958)
V.G. Cooper, A.D. May, E.H. Hara, K.F.P. Knapp: Can. J. Phys.46, 2019 (1968)
J.R. Murray, A. Javan: J. Mol. Spectr.42, 1 (1972)
R.S. Eng, A.R. Calawa, T.C. Harman, P.L. Kelley, A. Javan: Appl. Phys. Letters21, 303 (1972)
F. DeMartini, F. Simoni, E. Santumato: Opt. Comm.9, 176 (1973) References [38–45] treat VAC from a classical viewpoint.
L. Galatry: Phys. Rev.122, 1218 (1961)
S.G. Rautian, I.I. Sobelman: Soviet Phys. -Usp.9, 701 (1967)
S. Rautian, I. Sobelman: IEEE J. Quant. Electr.2, 446 (1966)
S.G. Rautian: Soviet Phys. JETP24, 788 (1967)
J.I. Gersten, H.M. Foley: J. Opt. Soc. Am.58, 933 (1968)
B.L. Gyorffy, M. Borenstein, W.E. Lamb, Jr.: Phys. Rev.169, 340 (1968)
A.B. Kolchenko, S.G. Rautian: Soviet Phys. JETP27, 511 (1968)
S. Stenholm: Phys. Rev. Letters26, 159 (1971);
P. Pihlman, S. Stenholm: Physica Fennica8, 13 (1973) References [46–57] use a quantum-mechanical description of the center-of-mass motion in treating VAC.
T.L. Andreeva: Soviet Phys. JETP27, 342 (1968)
G. Pestov, S.G. Rautian: Soviet Phys. JETP29, 488 (1969)
P.R. Berman, W.E. Lamb, Jr.: Phys. Rev. A2, 2435 (1970); ibid. P.R. Berman, W.E. Lamb, Jr.: Phys. Rev. A4, 319 (1971)
M. Cattani: Lett. Nuovo Cimento4, 346 (1970)
S. Hess: Physica (Utrecht)61, 80 (1972)
E.W. Smith, J. Cooper, W.R. Chappell, T. Dillon: J. Quant. Spectr. Radiative Transfer11, 1547 (1971); ibid. E.W. Smith, J. Cooper, W.R. Chappell, T. Dillon: J. Quant. Spectr. Radiative Transfer11, 1567 (1971)
W.R. Chappell, J. Cooper, E.W. Smith, T. Dillon: J. Stat. Phys.3, 401 (1971)
P.R. Berman: Phys. Rev. A5, 927 (1972); ibid. P.R. Berman: Phys. Rev. A6, 2157 (1972)
V.A. Alekseev, T.L. Andreeva, I.I. Sobelman: Soviet Phys. JETP35, 325 (1972).
H.R. Zaidi: Can. J. Phys.50, 2792 (1972)
E. Bielicz, E. Czuchaj, J. Fiutak: Acta Phys. Polon. A41, 327 (1972)
V.A. Alexseev, T.L. Andreeva, I.I. Sobelman: Soviet Phys. JETP37, 413 (1973)
P.R. Berman: Phys. Rev. A9, 2170 (1974)
G. Nienhuis: Physica (Utrecht)66, 245 (1973)
T.W. Meyer, C.K. Rhodes: Phys. Rev. Letters32, 637 (1974)
R.G. Brewer, R.L. Shoemaker, S. Stenholm: ibid.33, 63 (1974); Phys. Rev. A, Dec. (1974)
Recent review articles or articles containing many additional references are S. Haroche, F. Hartmann: Phys. Rev. A6, 1280 (1972);
J. Shirley: Phys. Rev. A8, 347 (1973);
M.S. Feld, V.S. Letokhov: Sci. Am.229, 69 (1973);
I.M. Beterov, R.I. Sokolovskii: Soviet Phys. -Usp.16, 339 (1973)
D.E. Roberts, E.N. Fortson: Phys. Rev. Letters31, 1593 (1973);
D. Pritchard: J. Apt and T. W. Ducas: ibid.32, 641 (1974);
F. Biraben, B. Cagnac, G. Grynberg: ibid.32, 643 (;
M.D. Levenson, N. Bloembergen: ibid.32, 645 (;
J.E. Bjorkholm, P.F. Liao: ibid.33, 128 (1974);
T.W. Hänsch, K.C. Harvey, G. Meisel, A.L. Schawlow: Opt. Comm.11, 50 (1974)
T.W. Hänsch, I.S. Shahin, A.L. Schawlow: Phys. Rev. Letters27, 707 (1971)
For a review article, see R.G. Brewer: Science178, 247 (1972).
J. Schmidt, P.R. Berman, R.G. Brewer: Phys. Rev. Letters31, 1103 (1973);
P.R. Berman, J.M. Levy, R.G. Brewer (submitted to Phys. Rev. A)
R.L. Barger, J.L. Hall: Phys. Rev. Letters22, 4 (1969)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Supported by U.S. Army Research Office.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Berman, P.R. Theory of collision effects on atomic and molecular line shapes. Appl. Phys. 6, 283–296 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00883644
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00883644