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Concentrations and fluxes of organic carbon substrates in the aquatic environment

  • A Glimpse Towards Nature
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Abstract

Data concerning concentrations and fluxes of dissolved organic compounds (DOC) from marine and lacustrine environments are reviewed and discussed. Dissolved free amino acids and carbohydrates comprised the main fraction in the labile organic carbon pool. Dissolved free amino acids in marine waters varied between 3–1400 nM and those of freshwaters between 2.6–4124 nM. Dissolved free carbohydrates varied between 0.4–5000 nM in marine systems and between 14–1111 nM in freshwaters. The turnover times of both substrate pools varied in marine waters between 1.4 hours and 948 days and in freshwaters between 2 hours and 51 days. Measurements of stable12/13C-ratio and14C-isotope dating in ocean deep water samples revealed DOC turnover times between 2000–6000 years. Studies on carbon flows within the aquatic food webs revealed that about 50% of photosynthetically fixed carbon was channelled via DOC to the bacterioplankton. Excreted organic carbon varied between 1–70% of photosynthetically fixed carbon in marine waters and between 1–99% in freshwaters. The labile organic carbon pool represented only 10–30% of the DOC. The majority (70–90%) of the DOC was recalcitrant to microbial assimilation. Only 10–20% of the DOC could be easily chemically identified. Most of the large bulk material represented dissolved humic matter and neither the chemical structure nor the ecological function of the DOC is as yet clearly understood.

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Abbreviations

ATP:

Adenosine Tri-Phosphate

AMS:

Accelerated Mass Spectrometry

BSA:

Bovine Serum Albumin

βGlAse:

βGlucosidAse activity

DAA:

Dissolved Amino Acids

DCAA:

Dissolved Combined Amino Acids

DFAA:

Dissolved Free Amino Acids

DTAA:

Dissolved Total Amino Acids

DCHO:

Dissolved Carbohydrates

DCCHO:

Dissolved Combined Carbohydrates

DFCHO:

Dissolved Free Carbohydrates

DTCHO:

Dissolved Total Carbohydrates

DLCFaAc:

Dissolved Long Chain Fatty Acids

DSCFaAc:

Dissolved Short Chain Fatty Acids

DOC:

Dissolved Organic Carbon

DOM:

Dissolved Organic Matter

DHM:

Dissolved Humic Matter

DTPhOH:

Dissolved Total Phenolic compounds

DCPhOH:

Dissolved Combined Phenolic compounds

DFPhOH:

Dissolved Free Phenolic conpounds

EOC:

Excreted Organic Carbon

HS:

Humic Substances

HPLC:

High Performance Liquid Chromatography

HTCO:

High-Temperature Catalytic Oxidation

(Kt+Sn):

Transport Constant + Natural Substrate from Michaelis Menten Kinetics

LOCP:

Labile Organic Carbon Pool

OM:

Organic Matter

MEE:

Microbial Extracellular Enzymes

PER:

Percent of Extracellular Release

PhDOC:

Photosynthetically derived Dissolved Organic Carbon

POC:

Particulate Organic Carbon

ROCP:

Recalcitrant Organic Carbon Pool

Tt :

Turnover time

UDOC:

Utilizable Dissolved Organic Carbon

Vmax :

Maximum Uptake Velocity

WCO:

Wet Chemical Oxidation

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  1. Max-Planck-Institute for Limnology, P.O. Box 165, D-2320, Plön, Germany

    U. Münster

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Dedicated to Prof. Drs. J. Overbeck on the occasion of his 70th birthday

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Münster, U. Concentrations and fluxes of organic carbon substrates in the aquatic environment. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 63, 243–274 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00871222

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