Summary
-
1.
The steering movement of crayfish uropods in response to body rolling was analysed quantitatively.
-
2.
The uropod on the upper side is spread out while the other one on the lower side is closed. Opening of one uropod was always accompanied by closing of the other. Positional changes of both uropods in response to body rolling were measured at 13 body positions. The response curve followed an approximate sine function in an intact animal
-
3.
In a single-statocyst animal, increase of receptor activity in the intact statocyst caused opening of the ipsilateral uropod and closing of the contralateral one, while decrease of receptor activity had no effect on the uropod position.
-
4.
A response curve obtained by algebraic summaion of two response curves in the animals with right and left statolith removed respectively was consistent with that of an intact animal with both statocysts.
-
5.
It was concluded that each statocyst can produce bilateral uropod movement only in a limited range of roll angle since the receptor activity increases only when the statocyst hairs are deflected toward the inside of the sensory crescent. Bilateral uropod movement in an intact animal is produced by simple summation of inputs from the right and left statocysts.
-
6.
Unilateral statolith removal caused an asymmetrical configuration of the uropods in the resting (0°) body position. The uropod on the operated side opened and that on the opposite side closed. This asymmetry was normalized day by day and the original symmetrical configuration was finally restored about 7 days after operation.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alverdes, F.: Stato-, Photo- und Tangoreaktionen bei zwei Garneelenarten. Z. Vergl. Physiol.4, 699–765 (1926)
Bethe, A.: Das Nervensystem vonCarcinus maenas. Arch. Mikrosk. Anat.50, 460–546 (1897)
Buddenbrook, W. von: Über die Orientierung der Krebse in Raum. Zool. Jahrb. (Zool.)34, 479–514 (1914)
Davis, W.J.: Lobster righting responses and their neural control. Proc. R. Soc. (London) (Biol.)170, 435–456 (1968)
Davis, W.J.: The integrative action of the nervous system in crustacean equilibrium reactions. In: Gravity and the organism. Gordon, S.A., Cohen, M.J. (eds.), pp. 237–250. Chicago, London: Chicago University Press 1971
Hisada, M.: Gravitational and visual control of eye movement in crayfish. Fortschr. Zool.23, 162–173 (1975)
Hisada, M., Sugawara, K., Higuchi, T.: Visual and geotactic control of compensatory eyecup movement in the crayfish,Procambarus clarkii. J. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Univ. Ser. 617, 224–239 (1969)
Kreidl, A.: Weitere Beiträge zur Physiologie des Ohrlabyrinthes. II. Versuche an Krebsen. SB. Öst. Akad. Wiss. III.102, 149–174 (1893)
Kühn, A.: Versuche über die reflektorische Erhaltung des Gleichgewichts bei Krebsen. Verh. Dtsch. Zool. Ges.24, 262–277 (1914)
Larimer, J.L., Eggleston, A.C.: Motor programs for abdominal positioning in crayfish. Z. Vergl. Physiol.74, 388–402 (1971)
Larimer, J.L., Kennedy, D.: The central nervous control of complex movements in the uropods of crayfish. J. Exp. Biol.51, 135–150 (1969)
Neil, D.M.: The control of eyestalk movements in the mysid shrimpPraunus flexuosus. J. Exp. Biol.62, 487–504 (1975a)
Neil, D.M.: The optokinetic responses of the mysid shrimpPraunus flexuosus. J. Exp. Biol.62, 505–518 (1975b)
Neil, D.M.: The mechanism of statocyst operation in the mysid shrimpPraunus flexuosus. J. Exp. Biol.62, 685–700 (1975c)
Page, C.H.: Command fiber control of crayfish abdominal movement. I. MRO and extensor motor neuron activities inOrconectes andProcambarus. J. Comp. Physiol.102, 65–76 (1975)
Schmidt, W.: Die Muskulatur vonAstacus fluviatilis (Potamobius astacus L.). Ein Beitrag zur Morphologie der Decapoden. Z. Wiss. Zool.113, 165–251 (1915)
Schöne, H.: Die Arbeitsweise der Statocyste vonAstacus fluviatilis. Naturwissenschaften38, 157 (1951a)
Schöne, H.: Die Statische Gleichgewichtsorientierung dekapoder Crustaceen. Verh. Dtsch. Zool. Ges.16, 157–162 (1951b)
Schöne, H.: Statozystenfunktion und statische Lageorientierung bei dekapoden Krebsen. Z. Vergl. Physiol.36, 241–260 (1954)
Schöne, H., Neil, D.M., Stein, A., Carlstead, M.K.: Reactions of the spiny lobster,Palinurus vulgaris, to substrate tilt. I. J. Comp. Physiol.107, 113–128 (1976)
Silvey, G.E., Sandeman, D.C.: Integration between statocyst sensory neurons and oculomotor neurons in the crabScylla serrata. I. Horizontal compensatory eye movements. J. Comp. Physiol.108, 45–52 (1976a)
Silvey, G.E., Sandeman, D.C.: Integration between statocyst sensory neurons and oculomotor neurons in the crabScylla serrata. IV. Integration phase lags and conjugate eye movements. J. Comp. Physiol.108, 67–73 (1976b)
Silvey, G.E., Sandeman, D.C.: Integration between statocyst sensory neurons and oculomotor neurons in the crabScylla serrata. III. The sensory to motor synapse. J. Comp. Physiol.108, 53–65 (1976c)
Stein, A.: Attainment of positional information in the crayfish statocyst. Fortschr. Zool.23, 109–117 (1975)
Stein, A., Schöne, H.: Über das Zusammenspiel von Schwereorientierung und Orientierung zur Unterlage beim Flußkrebs. Verh. Dtsch. Zool. Ges.65, 225–229 (1972)
Takahata, M., Hisada, M.: Functional polarization of statocyst receptors in the crayfishProcambarus clarkii Girard. J. Comp. Physiol.130, 201–207 (1979)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid (Nos. 411801, 510901) for Special Project Research on Mechanisms of Animal Behaviour from the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture to MH.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yoshino, M., Takahata, M. & Hisada, M. Statocyst control of the uropod movement in response to body rolling in crayfish. J. Comp. Physiol. 139, 243–250 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00657085
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00657085