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Schutzwirkungen von Oximen und Cholinolytica bei Somanvergiftungen

Protective effects of oximes and cholinolytics against soman poisoning

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Abstract

Results obtained thus far in experimental therapy of soman poisoning have remained unsatisfactory due to the inability of oximes to reactivate somaninhibited cholinesterase. An attempt was made, therefore, to improve the protective effects of oximes by using them simultaneously with pairs of cholinolytics. The following antidotes did not, by themselves, afford protection in soman-poisoned mice: PAM-2, TMB-4, LÜH-6, HS-6, atropine, benactyzine, d-tubocurarine, hexamethonium and W-84. However, some combinations of two cholinolytics (e.g., atropine and d-tubocurarine, atropine and hexamethonium, benactyzine and W-84) caused a marked drop of soman toxicity. The protective effects of the majority of combinations of two cholinolytics was, to a certain extent, enhanced when preceeded by treatment with LüH-6 or HS-6, while treatment with PAM-2 or TMB-4 did not induce any additional protection. It has been established that the beneficial effects of LuH-6 and HS-6 in soman-poisoning are not due to potentiation, but rather to simple addition.

Zusammenfassung

Bisher sind in der experimentellen Therapie von Somanvergiftungen nur geringe Erfolge erzielt worden, da somangehemmte Cholinesterase durch Oxime nicht reaktiviert wird. Deshalb versuchte man den Erfolg der Oximbehandlung dadurch zu verbessern, daß diese Substanzen in Kombination mit je zwei Cholinolytica angewendet wurden. Von den untersuchten Antidoten, PAM-2, TMB-4, LüH-6, HS-6, Atropin, d-Tuboourarin, Benactyzin, Hexamethonium und W-84 wies keines nennenswerte eigene Schutzwirkungen bei Soman-vergifteten Mäusen auf. Gewisse Kombinationen je zweier Cholinolytica (z.B. Atropin und d-Tubocurarin, Atropin und Hexamethonium, Benactyzin und W-84) setzten jedoch die Toxicität des Soman bedeutend herab, und diese Schutzwirkung konnte durch LüH-6, bzw. HS-6, noch etwas gesteigert werden. PAM-2 und TMB-4 ließen die Schutzwirkung der Cholinolytica unverändert. Es konnte festgestellt werden, daß die mit LüH-6, bzw. HS-6 erhaltene Wirkungssteigerung nicht auf einer Potenzierung des cholinolytischen Effekts beruht, sondern daß sie sich additiv aus beiden Einzelwirkungen zusammensetzt.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Pharmakologie der medizinischen Fakultät Sarajevo, Jugoslawien

    B. Bošković & P. Stern

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  1. B. Bošković
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  2. P. Stern
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Bošković, B., Stern, P. Schutzwirkungen von Oximen und Cholinolytica bei Somanvergiftungen. Arch. Toxikol. 26, 306–310 (1970). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00577722

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