Skip to main content
Log in

Morphologischer Nachweis der sympathischen Innervation des braunen Fettgewebes bei der Ratte

Eine fluorescenz- und elektronenmikroskopische Studie

Morphological evidence for the sympathetic innervation of brown adipose tissue of the rat

A fluorescence and electron microscopic study

  • Published:
Zeitschrift für Anatomie und Entwicklungsgeschichte Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Interscapular brown adipose tissue of the rat was examined by means of fluorescence and electron microscopy, in order to provide a conclusive morphological basis for the sympathetic innervation of this adipose tissue. Fluorescence microscopically, we observed scattered fine nerve varicosities between the brown fat cells showing catecholamine [noradrenaline]-specific fluorescence. Such a fluorescence was not observed in brown adipose tissue from reserpinized animals. No fluorescence could be detected in the cytoplasm of brown fat cells. Electron microscopically, after KMnO4 fixation, a number of small granular vesicles (about 500 Å in diameter) were found in the fine non-myelinated axons or preterminals partially covered by Schwann cells in the intercellular space. Occasionally, a small axon terminal containing a number of such granular vesicles was located in a depression on the surface of a brown fat cell. There was then only a cleft of 200 Å and no basement membrane. After treatment of the animals with reserpine, the electron density of granules in the vesicles decreased. From our morphological findings as well as from other physiological and biochemical data, we conclude that brown adipose tissue is innervated by sympathetic nerves.

Zusammenfassung

Der aus braunem Fettgewebe bestehende Scapularfettkörper der Ratte wurde zum morphologischen Nachweis seiner sympathischen Innervation licht- und elektronen-mikroskopisch untersucht. Fluorescenzmikroskopisch fanden sich zerstreut zwischen den braunen Fettzellen feine Nervenvaricositäten mit catecholamin [noradrenalin]-spezifischer Fluorescenz, die im braunen Fettgewebe reserpinbehandelter Tiere nicht mehr beobachtet wurde. Keine Fluorescenz war im Cytoplasma der braunen Fettzellen nachweisbar. Bei der elektronenmikroskopischen Untersuchung nach KMnO4-Fixierung fand sich eine Anzahl kleiner granulärer Vesikel (Durchmesser ca. 500 Å) in feinen marklosen Axonen oder Präterminalen, die intercellulär vorkommen. Gelegentlich beobachteten wir, wie sich feine Nervenendigungen mit einer großen Zahl von solchen Vesikeln eng an die Oberflächeneindellung einer braunen Fettzelle anlegten, wobei nur ein Spaltraum von 200 Å ohne darinliegende Basalmembran freiblieb. Nach Reserpin verminderten sich die Elektronendichte der Granula in den Vesikeln. Auf Grund unserer morphologischen Befunde und unter Berücksichtigung physiologischer und biochemischer Daten folgern wir, daß das braune Fettgewebe von sympathischen Nerven innerviert wird.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literatur

  • Bargmann, W., Hehn, G. v., Lindner, E.: Über die Zellen des braunen Fettgewebes und ihre Innervation. Z. Zellforsch. 85, 601–613 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Brück, K.: Die Bedeutung des braunen Fettgewebes für die Temperaturregelung des neugeborenen und kälteadaptierten Säugers. Naturwissenschaften 54, 156–162 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • —, Wünnenberg, B.: Untersuchungen über die Bedeutung des multiloculären Fettgewebes für die Thermogenese des neugeborenen Meerschweinchens. Pflügers Arch ges. Physiol. 283, 1–16 (1965a).

    Google Scholar 

  • ——: Der Einfluß der Aufzuchtstemperatur auf den Mechanismus der Thermogenese. Pflügers Arch. ges. Physiol. 283, R 37–38 (1965b).

    Google Scholar 

  • Dawkins, M. J. R., Duckett, S., Pearse, A. G. E.: Localization of catecholamines in brown fat. Nature (Lond.) 209, 1144–1145 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • —, Hull, D.: Brown adipose tissue and the response of the new-born rabbits to cold. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 172, 216–238 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, E. G.: Electron microscopy of synaptic organelles of the central nervous system. Proc. IV. Intern. Kongr. Neuropathol., München 1961 vol. II, p. 57–61 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hamberger, B., Norberg, K.-A.: Histochemical demonstration of catecholamines in fresh frozen sections. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 12, 48–49 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hausberger, F. X.: Über die Innervation der Fettorgane. Z. mikro.-anat. Forsch. 36, 231–266 (1934).

    Google Scholar 

  • Heim, T., Hull, D.: The effect of propranalol on the calorigenic response in brown adipose tissue of new-born rabbits to catecholamines, glucagon, corticotrophin and cold exposure. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 187, 271–283 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hökfelt, T.: On the ultrastructural localization of noradrenaline in the central nervous system of the rat. Z. Zellforsch. 79 110–117 (1967a).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: Ultrastructural studies on adrenergic nerve terminals in the albino rat iris after pharmacological and experimental treatment. Acta physiol. scand. 69, 125–126 (1967b).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hull, D., Segall, M. M.: The contribution of brown adipose tissue to heat production in the new-born rabbit. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 181, 449–457 (1965a).

    Google Scholar 

  • ——: Sympathetic nervous control of brown adipose tissue and heat production in the new-born rabbit. J. Physiol. (Lond) 181, 458–467 (1965b).

    Google Scholar 

  • Imai, Y., Smith, R. E.: Pers. Mitt. 1969.

  • Johansson, B.: Brown fat: a review. Metabolism 8, 221–240 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  • Johansson, B.: Brown fat: a review. Metabolism 8, 221–240 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  • Napolitano, L.: The fine structure of adipose tissue. In: A. E. Renold and G. F. Cahill, Jr., eds., Handbook of physiology, sect. 5, chap. 12, p. 109–123. Washington: Amer. Physiol. Soc. 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  • — Fawcett, D.: The fine structure of brown adipose tissue in the newborn mouse and rat. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol. 4, 685–692 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ochi, J.: A study of potassium permanganate fixation for electron microscopic detection of small granular vesicles in the sympathetic nervous system. Acta histochem. cytochem. 2, 13–18 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • —, Konishi, M., Yoshikawa, H., Sano, Y.: Fluorescence and electron microscopic evidence for the dual innervation of the iris sphincter muscle of the rabbit. Z. Zellforsch. 91, 90–95 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Richardson, K. C.: Electron microscopic identification of autonomic nerve endings. Nature (Lond.) 210, 756 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Rizack, M. A.: An epinephrine-sensitive lipolytic activity in adipose tissue. J. biol. Chem. 236, 657–662 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheldon, H.: Morphology of adipose tissue: a microscopic anatomy of fat. In: A. E. Renold and G. F. Cahill Jr. eds.: Handbook of physiology, sect. 5, chap. 13, p. 125–139. Washington: Amer. Physiol. Soc. 1965.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sidman, R. L., Fawcett, D. W.: The effect of peripheral nerve section on some metabolic response of brown adipose tissue in mice. Anat. Rec. 118, 487–507 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  • —, Perkins, M., Weiner, N.: Noradrenaline and adrenaline content of adipose tissues. Nature (Lond.) 193, 36–37 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R. E.: Thermogenic activity of hibernating gland in the cold-acclimated rat. Physiologist 4, 113 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: Thermoregulation by brown adipose tissue in cold. Fed. Proc. 21, 221 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: Brown fat in the rat: adaptive changes in cold. Helgol. Wiss. Meeresunters. 9, 187–196 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • —, Roberts, J. C.: Thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue in cold-acclimated rats. Amer. J. Physiol. 206, 143–148 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Umahara, Y.: Light and electron microscopic studies on the brown adipose tissue in the bat. Arch. histol. jap. 29, 459–509 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Weiner, N., Perkins, M., Sidman, R. L.: Effect of reserpine on noradrenaline content of innervated and denervated brown adipose tissue of the rat. Nature (Lond.) 193, 137–138 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wirsén, C.: Adrenergic innervation of adipose tissue examined by fluorescence microscopy. Nature (Lond.) 202, 913 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wirsén, C.: Distribution of adrenergic nerve fibers in brown and white adipose tissue. In: A. E. Renold and G. F. Cahill Jr., eds., Handbook of physiology, sect. 5, chap. 19, p. 197–199. Washington: Amer. Physiol. Soc. 1965a).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: Studies in lipid mobilization with special reference to morphological and histochemical aspects, pt. II, chap. V, Noradrenaline and the adipose tissue. Acta physiol. scand. 63, Suppl. 252, 22–26 (1965b).

    Google Scholar 

  • —, Hamberger, B.: Catecholamines in brown fat. Nature (Lond.) 214, 625–626 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe, D. E., Potter, L. T., Richardson, K. C., Axelrod, J. A.: Localizing tritiated norepinephrine in sympathetic axones by electron microscopy and autoradiography. Science 138, 440–442 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Diese Arbeit wurde durch das Kultusministerium Japan unterstützt und als ein Teil am Japanese International Biological Programme (JIBP) durchgeführt.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ochi, J., Konishi, M. & Yoshikawa, H. Morphologischer Nachweis der sympathischen Innervation des braunen Fettgewebes bei der Ratte. Z. Anat. Entwickl. Gesch. 129, 259–267 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00519091

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00519091

Key-Words

Navigation