Abstract
Further studies of the four radiation-induced lethal albino mutations causing glucose 6-phosphatase deficiency in the mouse have shown that there is also a deficiency of tyrosine aminotransferase in the newborn albino mutants. These two enzymes can be induced in fetal and newborn heterozygous or homozygous normal littermate controls by injection of glucagon or dibutyryl cyclic AMP, but not in the albino mutants. Microsomal NADH-cytochrome c reductase was found to be increased in the albino mutants. The multiple biochemical abnormalities in the albino mutants, in addition to the lack of gene dosage effect in the heterozygotes, suggest the involvement of genes other than the structural genes for particular enzymes. When a new radiation-induced lethal albino mutation was tested against the four original alleles, complementation resulted, and double heterozygotes were found to be viable, with normal enzyme levels.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ames, B. N. (1966). Assay of inorganic phosphate, total phosphate and phosphatases. In Neufeld, E. F., and Ginsburg, V. (eds.), Methods in Enzymology, Vol. 8, Academic Press, New York and London, pp. 115–118.
Bowers, W. E., Finkenstaedt, J. T., and de Duve, C. (1967). Lysosomes in lymphoid tissue: 1. The measurement of hydrolytic activities in whole homogenates. J. Cell Biol. 32325.
Chang, H. C., and Lane, M. D. (1966). The enzymatic carboxylation of phosphoenol pyruvate: II. Purification and properties of liver mitochondrial phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase. J. Biol. Chem. 2412413.
Diamondstone, T. I. (1966). Assay of tyrosine transaminase activity by conversion of p-hydroxyphenyl pyruvate to p-hydroxybenzaldehyde. Anal. Biochem. 16395.
Donath, R. (1962). Anstieg der 5' Nucleotidase Aktivität im Laufe der Entwicklung der Rattenleber. Neturwissenschaften 49609.
Erickson, R. P., Gluecksohn-Waelsch, S., and Cori, C. F. (1968). Glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency caused by radiation-induced alleles at the albino locus in the mouse. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 59437.
Gluecksohn-Waelsch, S., and Cori, C. F. (1970). Glucose 6-phosphatase deficiency: Genetic control and biochemistry. Biochem. Genet. 4195.
Greengard, O. (1969). Enzymic differentiation in mammalian liver. Science 163891.
Greengard, O., and Dewey, H. K. (1967). Initiation by glucagon of the premature development of tyrosine aminotransferase, serine dehydratase, and glucose-6-phosphatase in fetal rat liver. J. Biol. Chem. 2422986.
Greengard, O., and Dewey, H. K. (1968). The developmental formation of liver glucose 6-phosphatase and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate dehydrogenase in fetal rats treated with thyroxine. J. Biol. Chem. 2432745.
Herzfeld, A., and Greengard, O. (1971). Aspartate aminotransferase in rat tissues: Changes with growth and hormones. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 23788.
Lin, E. C. C., Pitt, B. M., Civen, M., and Knox, W. E. (1958). Assay of aromatic amino acid transaminations by the enolborate tautomerase method. J. Biol. Chem. 233688.
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., and Randall, R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193265.
Paigen, K. (1970). Closing remarks. Symposium on Genetic control of mammalian metabolism. Biochem. Genet. 4237.
Russell, J. D., Cori, C. F., and Gluecksohn-Waelsch, S. (1969). Further studies on the x-ray induced genetic loss of glucose-6-phosphatase in liver and kidney of mice. In Sols, A., and Grisolia, S. (eds.), Metabolic Regulation and Enzyme Action, Vol. 19 of the Symposium Volumes for the Sixth FEBS Meeting, Madrid, Spain, April 1969, Academic Press, New York, pp. 315–324.
Schwartz, B. M., and Strecker, H. J. (1970). On the localisation of certain mitochondrial and microsomal enzymes in rat liver nuclei. Europ. J. Biochem. 1371.
Skipski, V. P., Peterson, R. F., and Barclay, N. (1964). Quantitative analysis of phospholipids by thin-layer chromatography. Biochem. J. 90374.
Thorndike, J. (1972). Glucose-6-phosphatase, tyrosine aminotransferase, and phosphopyruvate carboxylase activity in rats and mice. Enzyme 13252.
Trigg, M. J., and Gluecksohn-Waelsch, S. (1973). Ultrastructural basis of biochemical effects in a series of lethal alleles in the mouse. J. Cell Biol. (Subm. for publication).
Widnell, C. C. (1972). Cytochemical localization of 5' nucleotidase in subcellular fractions isolated from rat liver. I. The origin of 5' nucleotidase activity in microsomes. J. Cell Biol. 52524.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health, 5 R01 AM 11448-05, 5R01 HD-00193-17, 5T01 GM00110-09, GM19100, and by a grant from the American Cancer Society, VC-64N.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Thorndike, J., Trigg, M.J., Stockert, R. et al. Multiple biochemical effects of a series of X-ray induced mutations at the albino locus in the mouse. Biochem Genet 9, 25–39 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00485588
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00485588