Abstract
Wolinella succinogenes grown with nitrate as terminal electron acceptor contains two nitrite reductases as measured with the donor viologen radical, one in the cytoplasm and the other integrated in the cytoplasmic membrane. The fumarate-grown bacteria contain only the membraneous species.
The isolated membraneous enzyme consists of a single polypeptide chain (M r 63,000) carrying 4 hemeC groups and probably an iron-sulphur cluster as prosthetic groups. The enzyme amounts to about 1% of the total membrane protein.
The isolated enzyme catalyses the reduction of nitrite to ammonium without accumulation of significant amounts of intermediates or alternative products. The Michaelis constant for nitrite was 0.1 mM and the turnover number of the hemeC 1.5 · 105 electrons per min at 37°C.
The viologen-reactive site of the enzyme in the membrane is oriented towards the cytoplasm. When the isolated enzyme is incorporated into liposomes, the viologen-as well as the nitrite-reactive site is exposed to thooutside.
The cytoplasmic membrane contains a second hemeC protein (M r 22,000) which may represent a cytochrome c.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- NQNO:
-
2-(n-nonyl)-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide
- MES:
-
2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonate
- MOPS:
-
3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonate
- HEPES:
-
N-2-Hydroxyethylpiperazine-N′-2-ethanesulfonate
- TES:
-
N-tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-2-aminoethanesulfonate
- MK:
-
menaquinone
References
Albracht SPJ, Unden G, Kröger A (1981) Iron-sulphur clusters in fumarate reductase from Vibrio succinogenes. Biochem Biophys Acta 661:295–302
Barton LB, LeGall J, Odom JM, Peck HD (1983) Energy coupling to nitrite respiration in the sulfate reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio gigas. J Bacteriol 153:867–871
Basford RE, Tisdale HD, Glenn JL, Green DE (1957) Studies on the terminal electron transport system. VII. Further studies on the succinic dehydrogenase complex. Biochim Biophys Acta 24:107–115
Bergmeyer HU (1974) Methoden der enzymatischen Analyse, vol 1. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, pp 459–510
Bode C, Goebell H, Stähler E (1968) Zur Eliminierung von Trüngsfchlern bei der Eiweißbestimmung mit der Binretmethode. Z Klin Chem Klin Biochem 6:419–422
Bokranz M, Katz J, Schröder I, Roberton AM, Kröger A (1983) Energy metabolism and biosynthesis of Vibrio succinogenes growing with nitrate or nitrite as terminal electron acceptor. Arch Microbiol 135:36–41
Bronder M, Mell H, Stupperich E, Kröger A (1982) Biosynthetic pathways of Vibrio succinogenes growing with fumarate as terminal electron acceptor and sole carbon source. Arch Microbiol 131:216–223
Collins MD, Fernandez F (1984) Menaquinone-6 and thermoplasmaquinone-6 in Wolinella succinogenes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 22:273–276
Francis RT, Becker RR (1984) Specific indication of hemoproteins in polyacrylamide gels using a double-staining process. Analyt Biochem 136:509–514
Jagow G von, Schägger H, Riccio P, Klingenberg M, Kolbe HJ (1977) b · c1 Complex from beef heart: hydrodynamic properties of the complex prepared by a refined hydroxyapatite chromatography in Triton X-100. Biochim Biophys Acta 462:549–558
Kröger A, Innerhofer A (1976a) The function of menaquinone, covalently bound FAD and iron-sulfur protein in the electron transport from formate to fumarate of Vibrio succinogenes. Eur J Biochem 69:487–495
Kröger A, Innerhofer A (1976b) The function of the b cytochromes in the electron transport from formate to fumarate of Vibrio succinogenes Eur J Biochem 69:497–506
Kröger A, Winkler E (1981) Phosphorylative fumarate reduction in Vibrio succinogenes: Stoichiometry of ATP synthesis. Arch Microbiol 120:100–104
Kröger A, Winkler E (Innerhofer A, Hackenberg H, Schägger H (1979) The formate dehydrogenase involved in electron transport from formate to fumarate in Vibrio succinogenes. Eur J Biochem 94:465–475
Kröger A, Dorrer E, Winkler E (1980) The orientation of the substrate sites of formate dehydrogenase and fumarate reductase in the membrane of Vibrio succinogenes. Biochim Biophys Acta 589:118–136
Kühn W, Fiebig K, Walther R, Gottschalk G (1979) Presence of a cytochrome b550 in Methanosarcina barkeri. FEBS Lett 105:271–274
Liu M-Ch, Peck HD (1981) The isolation of a hexaheme cytochrome from Deculfovibrio desulfuricans and its identification as a new type of nitrite reductase. J Biol Chem 256:13159–13164
Liu M-Ch, Liu M-Y, Payne WJ, Peck HD, LeGall J (1983) Wolinella succinogenes nitrite reductase: purification and properties. FEMS Microb Lett 19:201–206
Martin RG, Ames BN (1961) A method for determining the sedimentation behavior of enzymes: Application to protein mixtmes. J Biol Chem 236:1372–1379
Nozaki Y, Schechter NM, Reynolds JA, Tanford C (1976) Use of gel chromatography for the determination of the Stokes radii of proteins in the presence and absence of detergents. A reexamination. Biochem 15:3884–3890
Rider BF, Mellon MGH (1946) Colorimetric determination of nitrites. Indust Engin Chem 18:96–98
Tanford C, Nozaki Y, Reynolds JA, Makino S (1974) Molecular characterization of proteins in detergent solutions. Biochem 13:2369–2376
Unden G, Kröger A (1982) Reconstitution in liposomes of the electron-transport chain catalyzing fumarate reduction by formate. Biochim Biophys Acta 682:258–263
Unden G, Kröger A (1983) Low-potentical cytochrome b as an essential electron transport component of menaquinone reduction by formate in Vibrio succinogenes. Biochim Biophys Acta 725:325–331
Unden G, Hackenberg H, Kröger A (1980) Isolation and functional aspects of the fumarate reductase involved in the phosphorylative electron transport of Vibrio succinogenes. Biochim Biophys Acta 591:275–288
Unden G, Böcher R, Knecht J, Kröger A (1982) Hydrogenase from Vibrio succinogenes, a nickel protein. FEBS Lett 145:230–234
Unden G, Mörschei E, Bokranz M, Kröger A (1983) Structural properties of the proteoliposomes catalyzing electron transport from formate torumarate. Biochim Biophys Acta 725:41–48
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schröder, I., Roberton, A.M., Bokranz, M. et al. The membraneous nitrite reductase involved in the electron transport of Wolinella succinogenes . Arch. Microbiol. 140, 380–386 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00446982
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00446982