Skip to main content
Log in

Stimulus and response anticipation in a serial reaction task

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Psychological Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

When subjects are confronted with sequences of stimuli that are constructed according to certain rules, they tend to improve their performance in terms of lower error rates and/or faster reaction times as compared to random sequences of the same stimuli, even if they are not able to report the regularities of events.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Berry, D., & Dienes, Z. (1993). Implicit learning: Theoretical and empirical issues. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cleeremans, A., & McClelland, J.L. (1991). Learning the structure of event sequences. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 120, 235–253.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, A., Ivry, R.I., & Keele, S.W. (1990). Attention and structure in sequence learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16, 17–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Curran, T., & Keele, S.W. (1993). Attentional and nonattentional forms of sequence learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 19, 189–202.

    Google Scholar 

  • Donchin, E. (1981). Surprise! ... Surprise? Psychophysiology, 18, 493–513.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dulaney, D.E., Carlson, R., & Dewey, G. (1984). A case of syntactical learning and judgement: How concrete and how abstract? Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 113, 541–555.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eimer, M., Goschke, T., Schlaghecken, F., & Stürmer, B. (1996). Explicit and implicit learning of event sequences: Evidence from event-related brain potentials. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22, 970–987.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferraro, F.R., Balota, D.A., & Connor, L.T. (1993). Implicit memory and the formation of new associations in nondemented Parkinson's disease individuals and individuals with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type: A serial reaction time (SRT) investigation. Brain and Cognition, 21, 163–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann, J. (1993). Unbewußtes Lernen — eine besondere Lernform? Psychologische Rundschau, 44, 75–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Howard, J.H., Mutter, S.A., & Howard, D.V. (1992). Serial pattern learning by event observation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 18, 1029–1039.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keele, S.W., Jennings, P., Jones, S., Caulton, D., & Cohen, A. (1995). On the modularity of sequence representation. Journal of Motor Behavior, 1995, 27, 17–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knopman, D., & Nissen, M.J. (1991). Procedural learning is impaired in Huntington's disease: Evidence from the serial reaction time task. Neuropsychologia, 29, 245–254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewicki, P., Czyzewska, M., & Hoffman, H. (1987). Unconscious acquisition of complex procedural knowledge. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 13, 523–530.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewicki, P., Hill, T., & Bizot, E. (1988). Acquisition of procedural knowledge about a pattern of stimuli that cannot be articulated. Cognitive Psychology, 20, 24–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCloskey, M., Harley, W., & Sokol, S.C. (1991). Models of arithmetic fact retrieval: An evaluation in light of findings from normal and brain-damaged subjects. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 17, 337–397.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nattkemper, D., & Prinz, W. (1984). Costs and benefits of redundancy in visual search. In A. Gale & F. Johnson (Eds.), Theoretical and applied aspects of eye-movement research (pp. 343–351). Amsterdam: North-Holland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nissen, M.J., & Bullemer, P. (1987). Attentional requirements of learning: Evidence from performance measures. Cognitive Psychology, 19, 1–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prinz, W. (1979). Integration of information in visual search. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 31, 287–304.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prinz, W. (1983). Redundanzausnutzung bei kontinuierlicher Suchtätigkeit. Psychologische Beiträge, 25, 12–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prinz, W. (1986). Continuous selection. Psychological Research, 48, 231–238.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prinz, W, (1990). A common coding approach to perception and action. In O. Neumann & W. Prinz (Eds.), Relationships between perception and action: Current approaches (pp. 167–203). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prinz, W., & Nattkemper, D. (1987). Integrating non-target information in continuous search. Perception and Action (Report 155). Bielefeld, Germany: Zentrum fur interdisziplinäre Forschung.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prinz, W., & Prinz, U. (1985). Verarbeitung redundanter Zeichensequenzen durch Kinder im Grundschulalter. Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pddagogische Psychologie, 17, 210–222.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reber, A.S. (1967). Implicit learning of artificial grammars. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 77, 317–327.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reber, A.S. (1989). Implicit learning and tacit knowledge. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 118, 219–235.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reber, A.S., & Millward, R.B. (1971). Event tracking in probability learning. American Journal of Psychology, 84, 85–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenbaum, D.A., Kenny, S.B., & Derr, M.A. (1983). Hierarchical control of rapid movement sequences. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 9, 86–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Servan-Schreiber, E., & Anderson, J.R. (1990). Learning artificial grammars with competitive chunking. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16, 592–608.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaffer, L.H. (1978). Timing in the motor programming of typing. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 30, 333–345.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaffer, L.H. (1982). Rhythm and timing in skill. Psychological Review, 89, 109–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stadler, M.A. (1989). On learning complex procedural knowledge. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15, 1061–1069.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willingham, D.B., Nissen, M.J., & Bullemer, P. (1989). On the development of procedural knowledge. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 15, 1047–1060.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zießler, M. (1994). The impact of motor responses on serial pattern learning. Psychological Research, 57, 30–41.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Nattkemper, D., Prinz, W. Stimulus and response anticipation in a serial reaction task. Psychol. Res 60, 98–112 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00419683

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00419683

Keywords

Navigation