Skip to main content
Log in

Electron microscopy of dividing cells

IV. Behaviour of spindle microtubules during nuclear division in the plasmodium of the myxomycete, Physarum polycephalum

  • Published:
Chromosoma Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

During intranuclear mitosis in plasmodia of Physarum polycephalum the primordium of spindle microtubules which is a somewhat electron opaque, amorphous structure with fibrous or granular elements, occurs in the center of early prophase, 20 to 30 minutes before metaphase. Then, the primordium seems to divide into two parts. Spindle microtubules develop radially from the primordia of spindle microtubules. These spindle microtubules increase in number and length during prophase. Spindle microtubules are completed in about five minutes before metaphase. The nuclear envelope remains intact during prophase, but after metaphase it breaks at the polar regions. The nuclear envelope of the daughter nucleus is re-formed from the original nuclear envelope.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aldrich, H. C.: The ultrastructure of meiosis in three species of Physarum. Mycologia (Lancaster, Pa.) 59, 127–148 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Aldrich, H. C.: The ultrastructure of mitosis in myxoamoebae and plasmodia of Physarum flavicomum. Amer. J. Bot. 56, 290–299 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bajer, A.: Behavior and fine structure of spindle fibers during mitosis in endosperm. Chromosoma (Berl.) 25, 249–281 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bajer, A., Molè-Bajer, J.: Formation of spindle fibers, kinetochore orientation and behavior of the nuclear envelope during mitosis in endosperm. Chromosoma (Berl.) 27, 448–484 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Berlin, J. D., Bowen, C. C.: Centrioles in the fungus Albugo candida. Amer. J. Bot. 56, 650–652 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Guttes, S., Guttes, E., Ellis, R. A.: Electron microscope study of mitosis in Physarum polycephalum. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 22, 508–529 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hepler, P. K., Newcomb, E. H.: Fine structure of cell plate formation in the apical meristem of Phaseolus roots. J. Ultrastruct. Res. 19, 498–513 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hollande, A., Cachon, J., Cachon, M.: La dinomitose atractophorienne à fuseau endonucléaire chez les Radiolaires Thalassophysidae. Son homologie avec la mitose des Foraminifères et avec celle des Levures. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris) Ser. D 269, 179–182 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ichida, A. A., Fuller, M. S.: Ultrastructure of mitosis in the aquatic fungus Catenaria anguillulae. Mycologia (Lancaster, Pa.) 60, 141–155 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenkins, R. A.: Fine structure of division in ciliate protozoa. I. Micronuclear mitosis in Blepharisma. J. Cell Biol. 34, 463–481 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, U. G., Porter, K. R.: Fine structure of cell division in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. J. Cell Biol. 38, 403–425 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Jurand, A., Selman, G. G.: Ultrastructure of the nuclei and intranuclear micro tubules of Paramecium aurelia. J. gen. Microbiol. 60, 357–364 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiefer, B., Sakai, H., Solari, A. J., Mazia, D.: The molecular unit of the microtubules of the mitotic apparatus. J. molec. Biol. 20, 75–79 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kubai, F., Ris, H.: Division in the dinoflagellate Gyrodinium cohnii (Schiller). A new type of nuclear reproduction. J. Cell Biol. 40, 508–528 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lessie, P. E., Lovett, J. S.: Ultrastructural changes during sporangium formation and zoospore differentiation in Blastocladiella emersonii. Amer. J. Bot. 55, 220–236 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Løvlie, A., Bråten, T.: On mitosis in the multicellular alga Ulva mutabilis Føyn. J. Cell Sci. 6, 109–129 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lu, B. C.: Meiosis in Coprinus lagopus: A comparative study with light and electron microscopy. J. Cell Sci. 2, 529–536 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Manton, I., Kowallik, K., Stosch, H. A. von: Observations on the fine structure and development of the spindle at mitosis and meiosis in a marine centric diatom (Lithodesmium undulatum). II. The early meiotic stages in male gametogenesis. J. Cell Sci. 5, 271–298 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Manton, I., Kowallik, K., Stosch, H. A. van: Observation on the fine structure and development of the spindle at mitosis and meiosis in a marine centric diatom (Lithodesmium undulatum). IV. The second meiotic division and conclusion. J. Cell Sci. 7, 407–444 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  • Morr, H.: Ultrastrukturen im Zellkern der Bäckerhefe. J. Cell Biol. 29, 153–155 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Motta, J. J.: A note on the mitotic apparatus in the rhizomorph meristem of Armillaria mellea. Mycologia (Lancaster, Pa.) 59, 370–375 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Motta, J. J.: Somatic nuclear division in Armillaria mellea. Mycologia (Lancaster, Pa.) 61, 873–886 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pikett-Heaps, J. D., Northcote, D. H.: Organization of microtubules and endoplasmic reticulum during mitosis and cytokinesis in wheat meristems. J. Cell Sci. 1, 109–120 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pikett-Heaps, J. D., Northcote, D. H.: Cell division in the formation of the stomatal complex of the young leaves of wheat. J. Cell Sci. 1, 121–127 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Porter, K. R., Machado, P. D.: Studies on the endoplasmic reticulum. IV. Its form and distribution during mitosis in cells of onion root tip. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol. 7, 167–180 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • Robinow, C. F., Caten, C. E.: Mitosis in Aspergillus midulans. J. Cell Sci. 5, 403–432 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Robinow, C. F., Marak, J.: A fiber apparatus in the nucleus of the yeast cell. J. Cell Biol. 29, 129–151 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Roth, L. E., Daniels, E. W.: Electron microscopic studies on mitosis in Amoebae. J. Cell Biol. 12, 57–78 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Roth, L. E., Obetz, S. W., Daniels, E. W.: Electron microscopic of mitosis in amoebes. I. Amoeba proteus. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol. 8, 208–220 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sakai, A.: Electron microscopy of dividing cells. I. Microtubules and the formation of the spindle in spore mother cells of Equisetum arvense. Cytologia (Tokyo) 33, 318–330 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sakai, A.: Electron microscopy of dividing cells. II. Microtubules and formation of the spindle in root tip cells of higher plants. Cytologia (Tokyo) 34, 57–70 (1969a).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sakai, A.: Electron microscopy of dividing cells. III. Mass of microtubules and formation of spindle in pollen mother cells of Trillium kamtschaticum. Cytologia (Tokyo) 34, 593–504 (1969b).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sakai, A., Shigenaga, M.: The behavior of mitochondria in pollen mother cells of Tradescantia reflexa. Cytologia (Tokyo) 29, 214–225 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Schrantz, J. P.: Présence d'un aster au cours des mitoses de l'asque et de la formation des ascospores chez l'Ascomycète, Pustularia cupularis. C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris), Ser. D 264, 1274–1277 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Schuster, F.: Electron microscope observations on spore formation in the true slime mold, Didymium nigripes. J. Protozool. 11, 207–216 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sommer, J. R., Blum, J. J.: Cell division in Astasia longa. Exp. Cell Res. 39, 504–527 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Tucker, J. B.: Changes in nuclear structure during binary fission in the Ciliate Nassula. J. Cell Sci. 2, 481–498 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wada, B.: Analysis of mitosis. Cytologia (Tokyo) 30, (Suppl.) 1–158 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wada, B.: Mitotic cell studies based on in vitro observations II. New interpretations on behavior of the centriole-aster system. Cytologia (Tokyo) 34, 484–495 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zickler, D.: Division spindle and centrosomal plaques during mitosis and meiosis in some Ascomycetes. Chromosoma (Berl.) 30, 287–304 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

The authors wish to express their thanks Professor K. Ueda for valuable advice. They would also like to thank Professor N. Kamiya of Osaka University who kindly supplied the material (Physarum polycephalum) used in the present study.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sakai, A., Shigenaga, M. Electron microscopy of dividing cells. Chromosoma 37, 101–116 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00329562

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00329562

Keywords

Navigation