Skip to main content
Log in

Pharmacokinetics of pralidoxime chloride

A comparative study in healthy volunteers and in organophosphorus poisoning

  • Short Communication
  • Published:
Archives of Toxicology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of a cholinesterase reactivating oxime, 2-PAM, was comparatively studied in healthy volunteers and in persons suffering from poisoning by organophosphorus insecticides. The elevation of plasma concentrations of the oxime and prolongation of its “effective half-life” were noticed in poisoned individuals. These changes were attributed to the disturbed general hemodynamics and reduced renal blood flow in organophosphorus intoxication rather than to the direct renal toxicity of anticholinesterases.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  • Chursin IG, Shevtsov IP, Rybalko VM, Samulevich MK (1980) Change in the general hemodynamics and renal blood flow in acute poisoning by organophosphorus compounds (in Russian). Voen Med Žur 2: 63–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Clement JG, Simons KJ, Briggs CJ (1988) Effect of poisoning by soman (pynacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate) on the serum half-life of the cholinesterase reactivator HI-6 in mice. Biopharm Drug Dispos 9: 177–186

    Google Scholar 

  • Glick D (1971) Determination of activity of cholinesterases. In: Glick D (ed) Methods of biochemical analysis. Interscience Publishers, New York, pp 235–242

    Google Scholar 

  • Green MD, Jones DE, Hilmas DE (1985) Sarin intoxication elevates plasma pralidoxime. Toxicol Lett 28: 17–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Hettwer H (1975a) Über Veränderungen an der Ultrastructur der Rattenniere nach Phosphorsäureestervergiftungen. Acta Histochem 52: 165–210

    Google Scholar 

  • Hettwer H (1975b) Histochemische Untersuchungen an Leber und Niere der Ratte nach Phosphorsäureestervergiftungen. Acta Histochem 52: 239–252

    Google Scholar 

  • Jager BV, Stagg GN, Green N, Jager L (1958) Studies on distribution and disappearance of pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (PAM) and of diacetyl monoxime (DAM) in man and experimental animals. Bull John Hopkins Hosp 102: 225–234

    Google Scholar 

  • Jeevarathinam K, Ghosh AK, Srinivasan A, Das Gupta S (1988) Pharmacokinetics of pralidoxime chloride and its correlation to therapeutic efficacy against diisopropyl fluorophosphate intoxication in rats. Pharmazie 43: 114–115

    Google Scholar 

  • Kepner LA, Wolthuis OL (1978) A comparison of the oximes HS-6 and HI-6 in the therapy of soman intoxication in rodents. Eur J Pharmacol 48: 377–382

    Google Scholar 

  • Maksimović M, Vojvodić V (1969) Selection of the method for determination of oxime content in biological material (in Serbocroatian, with Summary in English). Arch Hig rada Toksikol 20: 173–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Ritschel WA (1984) Graphic approach to clinical pharmacokinetics. JR Prous Publishers, Barcelona, pp 36–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Schoene K, Konig A, Oldiges H, Krugel M (1988) Pharmacokinetics and efficacies of obidoxime and atropine in paraoxon poisoning. Arch Toxicol 61: 387–391

    Google Scholar 

  • Sidell FR, Groff WA (1971) Intramuscular and intravenous administration of small doses of 2-pyridinium aldoxime methochloride to man. J Pharm Sci 60: 1224–1228

    Google Scholar 

  • Sundwall A (1961) Minimum concentrations of N-methylpyridinium-2-aldoxime methane sulphonate (P29) which reverse neuromuscular block. Biochem Pharmacol 8: 413–417

    Google Scholar 

  • Swartz RD, Sidell FR (1974) Renal tubular secretion of pralidoxime in man. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 146: 419–424

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolthuis OL, Clason-Van der Wiel HJ, Visser RP (1976) The dependence of the blood level of the oxime HS-6 on the severity of organophosphate poisoning. Eur J Pharmacol 39: 417–421

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Jovanović, D. Pharmacokinetics of pralidoxime chloride. Arch Toxicol 63, 416–418 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00303133

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00303133

Key words

Navigation