Summary
A cyclic system of somatic embryogenesis from mature tissues of olive (Olea europaea L.) and subsequent plant recovery were developed. The primary embryos originated from morphogenetic masses derived from petioles of shoots regenerated from tissues of two micropropagated cultivars: Canino and Moraiolo. The rejuvenation acquired by the shoots by regeneration, directly from petiole tissues or indirectly from petiole callus, seems to be essential for the subsequent somatic embryogenesis induction. Cyclic embryogenesis, both from normal embryos or teratoma, was obtained on modified olive medium (OMe) plus 0.5 μM; 6dimethylaminopurine, 0.44 μM 6-benzylaminopurine, 0.25 μM 3-indolebutyric acid and 0.42 mM cefotaxime. The production of normal embryos was higher, faster and often more clustered on a filter paper liquid medium or on a media solidified with phytagel than with agar. The capacity to produce continuous cycles of successive embryos has been maintained for over two years only in the dark, since the light inhibited embryo induction. The embryogenetic capacity was qualitatively and quantitatively enhanced by adding 0.42 mM cefotaxime. Mature embryos germinated easily by increasing the amount of liquid medium with shake culture. Although the majority of embryos appeared vitrified when transplanted to Jiffy-7 pots, they subsequently grew normally and were similar to those derived from nonvitrified embryos. The plantlets obtained from somatic embryos appeared to be morphologically similar to those produced from axillary buds.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- IBA:
-
3-indolebutyric acid
- BAP:
-
6benzylaminopurine
- TDZ:
-
thidiazuron
- 2iP:
-
6dimethylaminopurine
- NAA:
-
1-naphthaleneacetic acid
- MS:
-
Murashige and Skoog (1962)
- BN:
-
Bourgin and Nitsch (1967)
- OM:
-
olive medium (Rugini 1984)
- OMs:
-
modified olive medium
- (OM):
-
for shoot organogenesis
- OMe:
-
modified olive medium
- (OM):
-
for somatic embryogenesis
References
Bao Z-H, Ma Y-F, Liu J-F, Wang K-J, Zhang P-F, Ni D-X, Yang W-Q (1980) Ada Botanica Sinica 2: 96–97
Bourgin JP, Nitsch JP (1967) Annal Physiologie Vegetal 9: 377–383
Cañas LA, Benbadis A (1988) Plant Science 54: 65–74
James DJ, Passey AJ, Rugini E (1988) J Plant Physiol, 132: 148–154
Leva A R, Petruccelli R, Benelli A (1993) In: 6th European Congress on Biotechnology, Firenze June 13–17, p. 364 (Abstract)
Mencuccini M, Rugini E (1992) Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture 32:283–288
Mitrakos KA, Alexaki A, Papadimitriou J (1992) Plant Physiol 139:269–273
Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) Physiol Plant 15: 473–492
Nakano M, Mii M (1993) J Plant Physiol 141: 721–725
Orinos T, Mitrakos K (1991) Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture 27:183–187
Rugini E (1984) Scientia Horticulture 24:123–134
Rugini E (1986) In: Bajaj Y.P.S. ed. Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry 1, Trees I, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 253–267
Rugini E (1988) Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture 14: 207–214
Rugini E, Lavee S (1992) In: Hammerschlag FA, Litz R (ededs) Biotechnology of Perennial Fruit Crops. Hardwick T Book Publisher, pp 371–382
Rugini E, Tarini P (1986) In: Moët-Hennessy (ed) Proc. Conference Fruit Tree Biotechnology, Montecarlo, 14–15 October p 62
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by I. Potrykus
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rugini, E., Caricato, G. Somatic embryogenesis and plant recovery from mature tissues of olive cultivars (Olea europaea L.) “canino” and “moraiolo”. Plant Cell Reports 14, 257–260 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00233645
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00233645