Summary
Substance P-like immunoreactivity (SPLI) was studied by immunocytochemistry and radioimmunoassay in the cerebral arteries, choroid plexus and dura mater of the guinea-pig, rabbit, cat and man. The highest concentrations were found in cerebral blood vessels: 6.1±2.3 pmol/g (guinea-pig), 9.0±1.1 pmol/g (rabbit), 7.1±0.4 pmol/g (cat), and 2.4±0.9 pmol/g (man). Lower levels were obtained in the choroid plexus and dura mater. The distribution of substance P (SP)-immunoreactive nerve fibres found in various regions of the guinea-pig correlated well with the amount of SPLI measured. Sympathectomy did not alter the concentration of SPLI in the dura mater or in cerebral blood vessels. Electrical field stimulation or 124 mM potassium enhanced the spontaneous efflux of SPLI by 10 and 20%, respectively, from superfused pial arteries in vitro. These data are in support of a functional role of perivascular SP within the cranial circulation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Andersson RK, Lund JP, Puil E (1978) Enkephalin and substance P effects related to trigeminal pain. Canad J Physiol 56:216–222
Brodin E, Alumets J, Håkanson R, Leander S, Sundler F (1981a) Immunoreactive substance P in chicken gut; distribution, development and possible functional significance. Cell Tissue Res 216:455–469
Brodin E, Gazelius B, Lundberg JM, Olgart L (1981b) Substance P in trigeminal nerve endings: Occurrence and release. Acta Physiol Scand 111:501–503
Coons AH, Leduc EH, Conolly JM (1955) Studies of antibody production. I. A method for the histochemical demonstration of specific antibody and its application to a study of the hyperimmune rabbit. J Exp Med 102:49–60
Cuello AC, Del Fiacco M, Paxinos G (1978) The central and peripheral ends of the substance P-containing sensory neurons in the rat trigeminal system. Brain Res 152:499–509
Duckles SP, Buck SH (1982) Substance P in the cerebral vasculature: Depletion by capsaicin suggests a sensory role. Brain Res 245:171–174
Edvinsson L, Falck B, Owman C (1977) Possibilities for a cholinergic action on smooth musculature and on sympathetic axons in brain vessels mediated by muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 200:117–126
Edvinsson L, McCulloch J, Uddman R (1981) Substance P: Immunohistochemical localization and effect upon feline pial arteries in vitro and in situ. J Physiol (Lond) 318:251–258
Edvinsson L, McCulloch J, Rosell S, Uddman R (1982a) Antagonism by (D-Pro2, D-Trp7,9)substance P of the cerebrovascular dilatation induced by substance P. Acta Physiol Scand 116:411–416
Edvinsson L, McCulloch J, Uddman R (1982b) Feline cerebral veins and arteries: Comparison of autonomic innervation and vasomotor responses. J Physiol (Lond) 325:161–173
Furness JB, Papka RE, Delia NG, Costa M, Eskay RL (1982) Substance P-like immunoreactivity in nerves associated with the vascular system of guinea-pigs. Neuroscience 7:447–459
Gamse R, Holzer S, Lembeck F (1980) Decrease of substance P in primary afferent neurones and impairment of neurogenic plasma extravasation by capsaicin. Br J Pharmacol 68:207–213
Gazelius B, Olgart L (1980) Vasodilatation in the dental pulp produced by electrical stimulation of the inferior alveolar nerve in the cat. Acta Physiol Scand 108:181–186
Gazelius B, Brodin E, Olgart L (1981) Depletion of substance P-like immunoreactivity in the cat dental pulp by antidromic nerve stimulation. Acta Physiol Scand 111:319–327
Henry JL, Sessle BJ, Lucier GE, Hu JW (1980) Effects of substance P on nociceptive and non-nociceptive trigeminal brain stem neurons. Pain 8:33–45
Hökfelt T, Kellerth JO, Nilsson G, Pernow B (1975) Experimental immunohistochemical studies on the localization and distribution of substance P in cat primary sensory neurones. Brain Res 100:235–252
Jessell TM, Iversen LL, Cuello AC (1978) Capsaicin-induced depletion of substance P from primary sensory neurons. Brain Res 152:183–188
Kanazawa I, Jessell TM (1976) Post mortem changes and regional distribution of substance P in the rat and mouse nervous system. Brain Res 117:362–367
Moskowitz MA, Liu-Chen LY, Brody M, Han DH, Mayberg M, Zervas NT (1982) Substance P and the pia arachnoid: A possible neurotransmitter within sensory neurons from trigeminal ganglia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metabol 2:267
Olgart L, Gazelius B, Brodin E, Nilsson G (1977) Release of substance P-like immunoreactivity from the dental pulp. Acta Physiol Scand 101:510–512
Pernow B (1983) Substance P — a putative mediator of antidromic vasodilatation. Gen Pharmac 14:13–16
Porter R, O'Connor M (eds) (1982) Substance P in the nervous system. Pitman, London
Stefanini M, Demartino C, Zamboni C (1967) Fixation of ejaculated spermatozoa for electron microscopy. Nature 216:173–174
Uddman R, Edvinsson L, Owman C, Sundler F (1981) Perivascular substance P: Occurrence and distribution in mammalian pial vessels. J Cereb Blood Flow Metabol 1:227–232
Yamamoto K, Matsuyama T, Shiosaka S, Inagaki S, Senba E, Shimizu Y, Ishimoto I, Hayakawa T, Matsumoto M, Tohyama M (1983) Overall distribution of substance P-containing nerves in the wall of the cerebral arteries of the guinea-pig and its origin. J Comp Neurol 215:421–426
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Edvinsson, L., Rosendal-Helgesen, S. & Uddman, R. Substance P: Localization, concentration and release in cerebral arteries, choroid plexus and dura mater. Cell Tissue Res. 234, 1–7 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00217397
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00217397