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Clonal analysis and in situ characterization of lymphocytes infiltrating human breast carcinomas

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Summary

T lymphocytes were isolated from tumor biopsies in 13 patients with breast carcinomas. Immunohistology with monoclonal antibodies confirmed the presence of mononuclear cell infiltrates composed primarily of T lymphocytes in all tumors studied. While the proportion of T lymphocytes expressing the T4 or the T8 surface marker varied from tumor to tumor as determined by morphometric analysis, T8+ cells were more numerous than T4+ cells in 8/12 breast tumors studied. Relatively few T cells (<10% in 11/12 tumors) were in an activated state as judged by the surface expression of HLA-DR antigens or the receptor for interleukin-2 (IL-2). In 1 case 20% of the infiltrating mononuclear cells were expressing the IL-2 receptor. The tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) recovered from 10 tumors were cloned in a microculture system that permits proliferation of nearly 100% of normal peripheral blood T lymphocytes (PBL-T). In contrast to normal and autologous PBL-T, frequencies of proliferating T lymphocyte precursors (PTL-P) were depressed (<0.01) in 7/10 TIL preparations indicating a decreased responsiveness of TIL to phytohemagglutinin at the single-cell level. The frequency of PTL-P was noticeably higher in 2 cases (0.03 and 0.09) and close to normal in 1 case (0.39).

A total of 170 clones were expanded in vitro and analyzed for different functional capabilities. Most of these clones expressed the T4+/T8-phenotype (73%) and strikingly 53% of these T4+/T8− clones were cytolytic in a lectin-dependent assay, a functional subset which is uncommon among normal PBL-T. Some clones (10%) lysed allogeneic breast tumor cells (MCF7). Only 15% of the clones displayed natural killer activity. Among the cytolytic clones, 17 of 31 tested were also IL-2 producers irrespective of the T4 or T8 phenotype. Our results show that human mammary carcinomas contain many infiltrating T cells with cytolytic potential. Interestingly, among the proliferating cytolytic T cell clones (56% of the microcultures), many expressed the T4+/T8− phenotype. These findings may indicate that the in situ cytolytic reaction (against unknown antigens) is associated preferentially with class II antigens.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lausanne Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Epalinges, Switzerland

    Theresa L. Whiteside, Sylvia Miescher, Lorenzo Moretta & Vladimir von Fliedner

  2. Department of Pathology, University of Lausanne Switzerland, Switzerland

    Jean Hurlimann

Authors
  1. Theresa L. Whiteside
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  2. Sylvia Miescher
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  3. Jean Hurlimann
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  4. Lorenzo Moretta
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  5. Vladimir von Fliedner
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Fogarty International Fellow of NIH, 1984–1985; on leave from Dept of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa, USA

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Whiteside, T.L., Miescher, S., Hurlimann, J. et al. Clonal analysis and in situ characterization of lymphocytes infiltrating human breast carcinomas. Cancer Immunol Immunother 23, 169–178 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00205646

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