Abstract
The production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and TNF-β by various human hematopoietic cell lines was quantitatively examined using a highly sensitive radioimmunoassay specific to TNF-α or a cytolytic assay performed with mouse L929 cells. It was found that the HTLV-1-infected T cell lines examined produced large amounts of both TNF-α and TNF-β. In particular, interleukin-2 (IL-2)-dependent cell lines produced large amounts of TNF-α. In contrast, human cell lines not infected with HTLV-1 essentially did not produce either of the TNFs. It was also found that the high production of TNF-α by HTLV-1-infected cells partially correlated to their high sensitivity to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Treatment of MT-4 cells, one of the most HIV-sensitive HTLV-1-infected cell lines, with antibody specific to TNF-α reduced their sensitivity to HIV infection.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Folks TM, Clouse KA, Justement J, Rabson A, Duh E, Kehrl JH, Fauci AS (1989) Tumor necrosis factor induces expression of human immunodeficiency virus in chronically infected T cell clone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:2365–2368
Gaffney EV, Tsai SC (1986) Lymphocyte-activating and growth inhibitory activities for several souces of native and recombinant interleukin 1. Cancer Res 46:3834–3837
Garret IR, Brian GM, Durie MD, Nedwin GE, Gillespie A, Bringman T, Sabatini M, Bertolini DR, Munday GR (1987) Production of lymphotoxin, a bone-resorbing cytokine, by cultured human meyloma cells. N Engl J Med 317:526–532
Harada S, Koyanagi Y, Yamamoto N (1985) Infection of HTLV-III/LAV in HTLV-1-carrying cells MT-2 and MT-4 and application in a plaque-assay. Science 229:563–566
Hinuma S, Naruo K, Takemoto K, Sugamura K, Hinuma Y (1985) Production of cytotoxic factor(s) in human T cell lines transformed by a human retrovirus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 130:1052–1058
Kikukawa R, Koyanagi Y, Harada S, Kobayashi N, Hatanaka M, Yamamoto N (1986) Differential susceptibility to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome retrovirus in cloned cells of human leukemic T cell line Molt-4. J Virol 657:1159–1162
Kiyokawa T, Yamaguchi K, Takeya M, Takahashi K, Watanabe T, Matsumoto T, Lee SY, Takatsuki K (1987) Hypercalcemia and osteoclast proliferation in adult T cell leukemia. Cancer Res 59:1187–1191
Kodaka T, Uchiyama T, Umadome H, Uchino H (1989) Expression of cytokine mRNA in leukemic cells from adult T cell leukemia patients. Gann 80:531–536
Koyanagi Y, Harada S, Takahashi M, Uchino F, Yamamoto N (1985) Selective cytotoxicity of AIDS virus infection towards HTLV-1-transformed cell lines. Int J Cancer 36:445–451
Kronke M, Hensel G, Schluter C, Scheurich P, Schultze S, Pfizenmaier K (1988) Tumor necrosis factor and lymphotoxin gene expression in human tumor cell lines. Cancer Res 48:5417–5421
Leung K, Nabel GJ (1988) HTLV-1 transactivator induces interleukin-2 receptor expression through NF-kB-like factor. Nature 333:776–778
Maruyama M, Shibuya H, Harada H, Hatakeyama M, Seki M, Fujita T, Inoue J, Yoshida M, Taniguchi T (1987) Evidence for aberrant activation of the interleukin 2 autocrine loop by HTLV-1 encoded by p40x and T3/Ti complex triggering. Cell 48:343–350
Matsuyama T, Hamamoto Y, Kobayashi S, Kurimoto M, Minowada J, Kobayashi N, Yamamoto N (1988) Enhancement of human immunodeficiency virus replication by natural lymphotoxin. Med Microbiol Immuno 177:181–187
Matsuyama T, Hamamoto Y, Yoshida T, Kido Y, Kobayshi S, Kobayashi N, Yamamoto N (1988) Effect of culture supernatant of MT-2 cells on human immunodeficiency virus-producing cells, MOLT-4/HIV/HTLV-IIIB cells. Gann 79:156–159
Matsuyama T, Hamamoto Y, Soma G, Mizuno D, Yamamoto N, Kobayashi N (1989) Cytocidal effect of tumor necrosis factor on cells chronically infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): enhancement of HIV replication. J Virol 64:2504–2509
Matsuyama T, Yoshiyama H, Hamamoto Y, Yamamoto N, Soma G, Mizuno D, Kobayashi N (1989) Enhancement of HIV replication and giant cell formation by tumor necrosis factor. AIDS Res Hum Retrovir 5:139–146
Noma T, Nakakubo H, Sugita M, Kumagai S, Maeda M, Shimizu A, Honjyo T (1989) Expression of different combination of interleukins by human T cell leukemic cell lines that are clonically related. J Exp Med 169:1853–1858
Okamoto T, Akagi T, Shima H, Miwa M, Shimotohno K (1987) Superinduction of trans-activation accounts for augmented human immunodeficiency virus replication in HTLV-1 transformed cells. Gann 78:1297–1301
Okamoto T, Matsuyama T, Mori S, Hamamoto Y, Kobayashi N, Yamamoto N, Josephs SF, Wong-Staal F, Shimotohno K (1989) Augmentation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gene expression by tumor necrosis factor-α. AIDS Res Hum Retrovir 5:131–138
Old JA (1987) Tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Science 230:630–632
Osame M, Usuku K, Izumo S, Ijichi N, Amitani H, Igata A, Matsumoto M, Tara M (1986) HTLV-1 associated myelopathy, a new clinical entity. Lancet 1:1031–1032
Osborn L, Kunkel S, Nabel GJ (1989) Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 1 stimulate the human immunodeficiency virus enhancer by activation of the nuclear factor kB. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:2336–2340
Selmaj KW, Raine CS (1988) Tumor necrosis factor mediates myelin and oligodendrocyte damage in vitro. Ann Neurol 23:339–346
Tschachler E, Robert-Guroff M, Gallo RC, Reitz MS (1989) Human T lymphotropic virus I-infected cells constitutively express lymphotoxin in vitro. Blood 73:194–201
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kobayashi, N., Hamamoto, Y. & Yamamoto, N. Production of tumor necrosis factors by human T cell lines infected with HTLV-1 may cause their high susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus infection. Med Microbiol Immunol 179, 115–122 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00198532
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00198532