Summary
Citric acid was produced with immobilized Yarrowia lipolytica yeast in repeated batch-shake-flask and air-lift fermentations. In active and passive immobilization methods calcium alginate, κ-carrageenan, polyurethane gel, nylon web and polyurethane foams were tested as carriers in repeated-batch fermentations. The highest citric acid productivity of 155 mg l−1 h−1 was reached with alginate-bead-immobilized cells in the first batch. A decrease in bead diameter from 5–6 mm to 2–3 mm increased the volumetric citric acid productivity threefold. In an air-lift bioreactor the highest citric acid productivity of 120 mg l−1 h−1 with a product concentration of 16.4 g l−1 was obtained with cells immobilized in κ-carrageenan beads.
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Kautola, H., Rymowicz, W., Linko, YY. et al. Production of citric acid with immobilized Yarrowia lipolytica . Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 35, 447–449 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00169747
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00169747