Abstract
Three-dimensional gas flow in the solar nebula, which is subject to the gravity of the Sun and proto-Jupiter, is numerically calculated by using a three-dimensional hydrodynamic code - i.e., the socalled smoothed-particle method. The flow is circulating around the Sun as well as falling into a potential well of proto-Jupiter. The results for various masses of proto-Jupiter show that (1) the e-folding growth time of proto-Jupiter by accretion of the nebular gas is as short as about 300 years in stages where the mass of proto-Jupiter is 0.2 ~ 0.5 times the present Jovian mass, and that (2) proto-Jupiter begins to push away the nebular gas from the orbit of proto-Jupiter and form a gap around the orbit, when its mass is about 0.7 times the present Jovian mass. It is possible that this pushing-away process determined the present Jovian mass.
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Sekiya, M., Miyama, S.M. & Hayashi, C. Gas flow in the solar nebula leading to the formation of Jupiter. Earth Moon Planet 39, 1–15 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00054430
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00054430