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Soybean somatic embryogenesis: Effects of nutritional, physical and chemical factors

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Abstract

Immature soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) embryos, or cotyledons isolated from them, were cultured on modified MS medium containing B5 vitamins and NAA (50 μM) to induce somatic embryogenesis. The effects of media variables, dissection treatments and light conditions were investigated in this system. The efficiency of embryogenesis increased as sugar concentration decreased from 12 to 1.5%; sucrose and glucose were similarly effective as carbon sources. In an examination of the effects of medium pH, values between pH 5.0 and 7.0 gave similar embryogenesis efficiencies, but the frequency of normal embryos was greater in media with low pH values. In buffered medium (10 mM MES), a pH of 5.0 was inhibitory to embryogenesis, and most normal embryos were produced at pH 5.5. Under various dissection treatments, embryogenesis efficiency and root and callus production were increased by tissue damage. Somatic embryogenesis was observed both in darkness and in light, although embryo development was impaired under high light (80 μE m-2 s-1) conditions. The ability of somatic embryos to germinate was closely correlated with embryo normality, and was influenced little by the hormone content of germination media. Of various media tested for their ability to support the growth of germinated embryos, a medium based on hydroponic nutrient salts, supplemented with yeast extract, and gelled with Difco-Bacto agar gave the best plantlet growth.

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Abbreviations

μE m-2 s-1 :

microEinsteins per square meter per second

NAA:

α-napthalene acetic acid

N50:

MS salts with B5 vitamins and 50 μM NAA (Napthalene acetic acid)

MES:

2(n-morpholino) ethanesulphuric acid

BAP:

benzylamino purine

IBA:

indole butyric acid

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Author notes

  1. Paul A. Lazzeri

    Present address: Max-Planck-Institut, D-5000, Köln 30, BRD

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, University of Kentucky, 40546-0091, Lexington, KY, USA

    Paul A. Lazzeri, David F. Hildebrand & Glenn B. Collins

Authors
  1. Paul A. Lazzeri
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  2. David F. Hildebrand
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  3. Glenn B. Collins
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Additional information

This paper (No. 86-3-97) is published with the approval of the director of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station.

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Lazzeri, P.A., Hildebrand, D.F. & Collins, G.B. Soybean somatic embryogenesis: Effects of nutritional, physical and chemical factors. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 10, 209–220 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00037305

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00037305

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