Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Media optimization for maximum biomass production in cell cultures of pacific yew

  • Published:
Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Three cell lines of Taxus brevifolia Nutt. with differing growth rates were used to assess the effects of basal salt mixtures, carbohydrates, organic nitrogen additives, vitamin formulations, and plant growth regulators on callus growth. Gamborg's B5 major salts provided significantly better growth than all other salt formulations tested. The greatest biomass was obtained with 1% total carbohydrate. The best carbohydrate combination, 0.5% fructose + 0.5% sucrose, was significantly better than all other combinations of carbohydrates tested. A complex vitamin mixture was significantly better than any one previously published vitamin formulation. Greatest rates of callus growth were obtained with 4.14 μM (1 mg l-1 picloram, 0.46 μM (0.1 mg l-1 kinetin, and 0.38 μM (0.1 mg l-1) abscisic acid or 0.29 μM (0.1 mg l-1 gibberellic acid. Our final medium, TM5, is superior to published methods for the general callus culture of T. brevifolia. This medium has improved growth in three tested cell lines to provide doubling times of 3.5 to 5.6 days, an average 5.3-fold increase over our previously published medium.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

2,4-D:

2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

2,4,5-T:

2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2ip-6-(γ,γ-dimethylamino)-purine

ABA:

abscisic acid

BA:

6-benzyladenine

GA3 :

gibberellic acid

IAA:

indole-3-acetic acid

IBA:

indole-3-butyric acid

kinetin:

6-furfurylaminopurine

NAA:

napthaleneacetic acid

picloram:

4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid

References

  • Anderson WC (1978) Rooting of tissue cultured rhododendrons. Proc. Int. Plant Prop. Soc. 28: 135–139

    Google Scholar 

  • Christen AA, Bland J & Gibson DM (1989) Cell culture as a means to produce taxol. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 30: 566

    Google Scholar 

  • Christen AA, Gibson DM, & Bland J (1991) Production of taxol or taxol-like compounds in cell culture. US Patent 5,019,504

  • Cragg GM & Snader KM (1991) Taxol: the supply issue. Cancer Cells 3: 233–235

    Google Scholar 

  • Denis J-N, Greene AE, Guenard D, Gueritte-Voegelein F, Mangatal L & Potier P (1988) A highly efficient, practical approach to natural taxol. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 110: 5917–5919

    Google Scholar 

  • Fett-Neto AG, DiCosmo F, Reynolds WF & Sakata K (1992) Cell culture of Taxus as a source of the neoplastic drug taxol and related taxanes. Biotechnology 10: 1572–1575

    Google Scholar 

  • Fett-Neto AG, Melanson SJ, Sakata K & DiCosmo F (1993) Improved growth and taxol yield in developing calli of Taxus cuspidata by medium composition. Biotechnology 11: 731–734

    Google Scholar 

  • Fett-Neto AG, Zhang WY & DiCosmo F (1994) Kinetics of taxol production, growth, and nutrient uptake in cell suspensions of Taxus cuspidata. Biotechnol. and Bioengineer. 44: 205–210

    Google Scholar 

  • Flores HE & Sgrignoli PJ (1991) In vitro culture and precocious germination of Taxus embryos. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. 27P: 139–142

    Google Scholar 

  • Flores T, Wagner LJ & Flores HE (1993) Embryo culture and taxane production in Taxus spp. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. 29P: 160–165

    Google Scholar 

  • Gamborg OL, Miller RA & Ojima K (1968 Nutrient requirements of suspension cultures of soybean root cells. Exp. Cell Res. 50: 148–151

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibson DM, Ketchum REB, Vance NC & Christen AA (1993) Initiation and growth of cell lines of Taxus brevifolia (Pacifle Yew). Plant Cell Rep. 12: 479–482

    Google Scholar 

  • Gresshoff PM & Doy CH (1972) Development and differentiation of haploid Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato). Planta 107: 161–170

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta P & Durzan D (1985) Shoot multiplication from mature trees of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and Sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana). Plant Cell Rep. 2: 177–179

    Google Scholar 

  • Holton RA, Liu JH, Gentile LN & Beidiger RJ (1992) Semi-synthesis of taxol. Proceedings of the Second National Cancer Institute Workshop on Taxol and Taxus.

  • Holton RA, Somoza C, Kim HB, Liang F, Biediger RJ, Boatman PD, Shindo M, Smith CC, Kim S et al. (1994) First total synthesis of taxol. 1. Functionalization of the B ring. JACS 116: 1597–1598

    Google Scholar 

  • Kao KN & Michayluk MR (1975) Nutritional requirements for growth of Vicia hajastana cells and protoplasts plated at a very low population density in liquid medium. Planta 126: 105–110

    Google Scholar 

  • Kingston DGI (1991) The chemistry of taxol. Pharmac. Ther. 52: 1–34

    Google Scholar 

  • Litvay JD, Verma DC & Johnson MA (1985) Influence of a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) culture medium and its components on growth and somatic embryogenesis of the wild carrot (Daueus earota), Plant Cell Rep. 4: 325–328

    Google Scholar 

  • Murashige T & Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant 15: 473–497

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicolaou KC, Yang Z, Liu JJ, Ueno H., Nantermet PG, Guy RK, Claiborne CF, Renaud J, Couladouros EA, Paulvannan K & Sorensen EJ (1994) Total synthesis of taxol. Nature 367: 630–634

    Google Scholar 

  • Nitsch JP & Nitsch C (1969) Haploid plants from pollen grains. Science 163: 85–87

    Google Scholar 

  • Provasoli L (1968) Media and prospects for the cultivation of marine algae In: Watanabe A & Hattori A (Eds) Cultures and Collections of Algae, Proc US-Japan Conf., Hakone, 1966, pp. 63–75, Tokyo. Jap. Soc. Plant Physiol

    Google Scholar 

  • US Forest Service (1993) Pacific Yew Draft Environmental Statement. US Department of Agriculture

  • Westgate PJ, Emery AH, Hasegawa PM & Heinstein PF (1991) Growth of Cephalotaxus harringtonia plant cell cultures. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 34: 798–803

    Google Scholar 

  • White P (1934) Potentially unlimited growth of excised tomato root tips in a liquid medium. Plant Physiol. 9: 585–600

    Google Scholar 

  • Wickremesinhe ER & Arteca RN (1993a) Taxus callus cultures: initiation, growth optimization, characterization, & taxol production. Plant Cell, Tissue, & Organ Culture 35: 181–193

    Google Scholar 

  • Wickremesinhe ER & Arteca RN (1993b) Establishment of fast-growing callus & root cultures of Cephalotaxus harringtonia. Plant Cell Rep. 12: 80–83

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Protection Research Unit. USDA, ARS, NAA, U.S. Plant, Soil, and Nutrition Laboratory, Cornell University, Tower Road, 14853, Ithaca, NY, USA

    R. E. B. Ketchum, D. M. Gibson & L. Greenspan Gallo

Authors
  1. R. E. B. Ketchum
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. D. M. Gibson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. L. Greenspan Gallo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ketchum, R.E.B., Gibson, D.M. & Gallo, L.G. Media optimization for maximum biomass production in cell cultures of pacific yew. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 42, 185–193 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00034237

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00034237

Key words

Search

Navigation