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Immobilization of Biomolecules on Plasma-Functionalized Surfaces for Biomedical Applications

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Immobilization Strategies

Part of the book series: Gels Horizons: From Science to Smart Materials ((GHFSSM))

Abstract

Immobilization of biomolecules using plasma-tailored surfaces of material has caught attention amongst many interdisciplinary scientists. The non-thermal plasma surface modification technique has evolved itself as a very promising candidate for biomedical applications. The daunting challenge in biocompatibility with respect to surface chemistry alterations is its intervention with host response in expected biological functions. Distinct features of non-thermal plasma such as dry state process, non-thermolability, presence of energetic reactive species, low cost, and rapid and controlled functionalization have been chosen over conventional surface modification techniques. Advances in immobilization of biomolecules using non-thermal plasma surface modification techniques have paved us the way to achieve the design of biologically inspired materials which can successfully mimic complex biological processes. Various plasma types in different modes such as deposition through chemical attachments (like hydrophilic interaction, ionic or covalent bonding) and graft polymerization have been utilized to rationalize the immobilization applications. Physical entrapment in immobilization applications on various surfaces is highlighted with respect to enzymes and various polymeric or particle surfaces.  In this chapter, we have mainly discussed the latest advancements related to immobilization of enzymes, protein and other biomolecules on to the non-thermal plasma-modified surfaces. The important aspect of plasma surface modification is to understand the interaction between plasma-functionalized surface and binding molecules for immobilization applications. Different plasma processes in various modes such as graft polymerization and deposition through chemical attachments (like covalent bonding, ionic or hydrophilic interaction) are discussed in this chapter within the scope of immobilization. This chapter also enlightens about the fundamental understanding on the development of biocompatible surfaces on various polymeric substrates including 3D scaffolds by the use of non-thermal low-pressure and atmospheric pressure plasma-assisted polymerization, which have been subsequently used for immobilization of various biomolecules for advanced biomedical applications.

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Abbreviations

AAC:

Acrylic acid

ADSC:

Adipose-derived stem cell

AEMA:

2-Amino-ethyl methacrylate

AFM:

Atomic force microscopy

Ar:

Argon

ATR-FTIR:

Attenuated total reflectance -Fourier transform infrared

BOPP:

Biaxially oriented polypropylene

CA:

Contact angle

CE:

Cornea epithelial

CO2:

Carbon dioxide

DBD:

Dielectric barrier discharge

DC:

Direct current

FEP:

Poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene)

HCAEC:

Human coronary artery endothelial cells

HDF:

Human dermal fibroblast

HEP:

Heparin

hTM:

Human thrombomodulin

LDPE:

Low-density polyethylene

MW:

Microwave

N2:

Nitrogen

NH3:

Ammonia

O2:

Oxygen

OSC:

O-stearoyl-chitosan

PCL:

Poly(ε-caprolactone)

PDMS:

Polydimethylsiloxane

PEG:

Poly(ethylene glycol)

PEGMA:

Poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate

PET:

Polyethylene terephthalate

PLGA:

Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)

PLLA:

Poly-L-lactic acid

PNIPAM:

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)

PSF:

Polysulfone

PTFE:

Poly(tetrafluoroethylene)

PU:

Polyurethane

ROB:

Rat embryo osteoblastic

ROS:

Rat osteosarcoma

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

SR:

Silicon rubber

UV:

Ultraviolet

PEO:

Polyethylene oxide

XPS:

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Division of Plasma Processing (RDPP), Department of Physics, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, 641062, India

    M. C. Ramkumar & K. Navaneetha Pandiyaraj

  2. Department of Physics, School of Basic Sciences, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies, Chennai, 600117, India

    M. C. Ramkumar

  3. Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India

    A. M. Trimukhe & R. R. Deshmukh

  4. Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology, Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India

    Anuj Tripathi & Jose Savio Melo

  5. Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India

    Anuj Tripathi & Jose Savio Melo

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  1. M. C. Ramkumar
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  2. A. M. Trimukhe
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  3. R. R. Deshmukh
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  4. Anuj Tripathi
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  5. Jose Savio Melo
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  6. K. Navaneetha Pandiyaraj
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Correspondence to K. Navaneetha Pandiyaraj .

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  1. Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

    Anuj Tripathi

  2. Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

    Jose Savio Melo

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Ramkumar, M.C., Trimukhe, A.M., Deshmukh, R.R., Tripathi, A., Melo, J.S., Navaneetha Pandiyaraj, K. (2021). Immobilization of Biomolecules on Plasma-Functionalized Surfaces for Biomedical Applications. In: Tripathi, A., Melo, J.S. (eds) Immobilization Strategies . Gels Horizons: From Science to Smart Materials. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7998-1_8

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