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Impact of Herbicide Use on Soil Microorganisms

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Plant Responses to Soil Pollution

Abstract

Globally, weeds are a major threat for agriculture production from time immemorial. Discovery of 2,4-D herbicide in the 1940s revolutionized the modern-day agriculture. Since then, nearly 2000 herbicide molecules have been discovered and are used worldwide for the management of weeds in different arable crops. Economic viability coupled with easy application makes it one of the most widely preferred tools for weed management in modern-day agriculture. Herbicide contributes 16% of the global pesticide industry, and in recent years, consumption of herbicide increased many folds due to increased cost of agricultural labour. Researches showed that a number of herbicides have an impact on soil microorganisms. In this chapter, an attempt has been made to document the effect of widely used herbicides on soil microorganisms, especially on mycorrhiza, bacteria and actinomycetes. A number of herbicides showed reduced population of these soil microorganisms with transient inhibition up to 7–10 days. Contrary to that, some herbicides have no effect on microbial population and even increase their population. To overcome the limitation of studies and to generalize the effect of herbicides on soil microorganisms, these studies preferably involves long-term impact assessment having a number of herbicides and variable soil environment.

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  1. Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    M. K. Singh, N. K. Singh & S. P. Singh

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  2. N. K. Singh
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  1. Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Pratibha Singh

  2. Department of Botany, Jai Prakash University, Chapra, Bihar, India

    Sunita Kumari Singh

  3. Ranjan Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sheo Mohan Prasad

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Singh, M.K., Singh, N.K., Singh, S.P. (2020). Impact of Herbicide Use on Soil Microorganisms. In: Singh, P., Singh, S.K., Prasad, S.M. (eds) Plant Responses to Soil Pollution. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4964-9_11

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