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Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Infectious Agents Associated Cancers: Epidemiology and Molecular Biology

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1018))

Abstract

Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer worldwide in men and the ninth in women. It is also the second most common cause of cancer mortality. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer. About 350 million people globally are chronically infected with HBV. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection accounts for at least 50% cases of HCC worldwide. Other non-HBV factors may increase HCC risk among persons with chronic HBV infection. Both indirect and direct mechanisms are involved in HCC oncogenesis by HBV. HCC-promoting HBV factors include long-lasting infection, high levels of HBV replication, HBV genotype, HBV integration, specific HBV mutants, and HBV-encoded oncoproteins (e.g., HBx and truncated preS2/S proteins). Recurrent liver inflammation caused by host immune responses during chronic HBV infection can lead to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis and accelerate hepatocyte turnover rate and promote accumulation of mutations. Major breakthroughs have been achieved in the prevention of HBV-associated HCC with HBV vaccines and antiviral therapies.

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Acknowledgments

The author would like to apologize for citing selected papers due to the space limit. This work was supported by the National Key Project for Infectious Diseases of China (2012ZX10002-006, 2012ZX10002012-003), National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB519002), and Natural Science Foundation of China (81472226).

No potential conflict of interest was disclosed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministries of Education and Health), Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

    Youhua Xie

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Correspondence to Youhua Xie .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministries of Education and Health), School of Basic Medical Science Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Qiliang Cai

  2. Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministries of Education and Health), School of Basic Medical Science Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Zhenghong Yuan

  3. State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

    Ke Lan

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Xie, Y. (2017). Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma. In: Cai, Q., Yuan, Z., Lan, K. (eds) Infectious Agents Associated Cancers: Epidemiology and Molecular Biology. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1018. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5765-6_2

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