Abstract
The data from the Pioneer and Voyager missions, the improvements in ground-based observations, and the recent Hubble Space Telescope observations have revolutionized our understanding of the outer solar system. Quite remarkably, a new area of physics has evolved based on the exploration of the outer solar system, the study of the sputtering of surfaces composed of low- temperature condensed gases. Sputtering of such materials is of interest because most of the small, icy objects in the outer solar system are exposed to a plasma (the solar plasma, a planetary magnetospheric plasma, or a local pick-up ion plasma) and the plasma bombardment leads to the efficient ejection of material from such surfaces (e.g. Johnson 1990, 1996)
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Johnson, R.E. (1998). Sputtering and Desorption from Icy Surfaces. In: Schmitt, B., De Bergh, C., Festou, M. (eds) Solar System Ices. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 227. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5252-5_13
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