Abstract
Both the water quantity and water quality processes constitute an integral part of the natural hydrologic environment. These processes are in continuous dynamic interaction so that proper assessment, development and management of water resources require a full understanding of these processes. More specifically, water quality is particularly needed for pollution control and is one of the basic factors to determine the amount of available water that can be used to meet a specific water demand.
The general trend in water quality management has been to gather and use information on water quality variables for purposes of planning, design and operation of water resources systems and wastewater treatment facilities. However, growing concern for environmental quality has given rise to a new trend in respect of the impact of water quality variables on human health and life conditions. Thus, there is the need for a better understanding of how water quality processes evolve both in time and space under natural and man-made conditions. This accentuates the need for better methods of extracting information from collected water quality data.
Water quality monitoring is a complex, difficult, and costly process. Despite all the efforts and investment made on monitoring, the current status of existing networks shows that the accruing benefits are low. That is, the results of most practices do not fulfill what is expected of monitoring.
Summarizing the role of water quality and the need for water quality in water resources assessment, development and management, an attempt is made to examine water quality networks existing in both the developed and developing countries. The existing water quality networks suffer from a lack of compatibility between collected data and water quality management objectives, resulting in “data-rich but information-poor” monitoring practices. Other problems with the networks pertain to selection of variables to be observed, selection of sampling frequencies, selection of sampling sites, duration of monitoring of certain variables at certain sites, and reliability of collected data.
Finally, a methodology is proposed for designing an efficient and cost-effective water quality monitoring network. The methodology is based on the entropy concept which permits alleviation of shortcomings of existing networks. It presents some perspectives on design of networks in the future.
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Alpaslan, N., Harmancioglu, N.B., Singh, V.P. (1992). The Role of the Entropy Concept in Design and Evaluation of Water Quality Monitoring Networks. In: Singh, V.P., Fiorentino, M. (eds) Entropy and Energy Dissipation in Water Resources. Water Science and Technology Library, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2430-0_14
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