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Magmas as a Source of Heat and Fluids in Granulite Metamorphism

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Fluid Movements — Element Transport and the Composition of the Deep Crust

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASIC,volume 281))

Abstract

Three diverse modes of granulite formation, CO2-streaming, partial melting, and recrystallization of originally anhydrous rocks, can be aspects of the same process: movement of magmas through the lower crust. CO2-saturated silicic and mafic magmas can exsolve enough CO2 to dehydrate a volume of country rock approximately equal to 20%that of the magma itself. Consequently, movement of magmas through the crust can provide both the heat and the CO2 necessary for granulite metamorphism. Furthermore, silicic magmas emplaced into the deep crust are likely to produce anhydrous pyroxene-bearing cumulates (ie. charnockites) while more hydrous portions of the magma would be forced to migrateto shallower, cooler levels before they could crystallize to theH2O-saturated liquidus. Thus, magmas may form conduits by which CO2 of mantle origin is transported into the lower crust while H2O is extracted from the lower crust and moved to shallower levels. Evidencesupporting this hypothesis lies in the abundance of CO2 fluid inclusionsin clearly igneous charnockitic rocks, in the elevated geotherms suggested by P-T conditions of some granulites, and in the relict igneous features found in the highest grade areas of some granulite terranes. This theory implies that some felsic rocks with high K/Rb ratios may be cumulates, and that such K/Rb ratios are not diagnostic of CO2-fluxing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, 82071, USA

    B. Ronald Frost & Carol D. Frost

  2. Instituut voor Aardwetenschappen, Virje Universiteit, N-1007 MC, Amsterdam, Netherlands

    Jacques L. R. Touret

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  1. B. Ronald Frost
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  1. Geological Museum, Øster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350, Copenhagen K, Denmark

    David Bridgwater

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Frost, B.R., Frost, C.D., Touret, J.L.R. (1989). Magmas as a Source of Heat and Fluids in Granulite Metamorphism. In: Bridgwater, D. (eds) Fluid Movements — Element Transport and the Composition of the Deep Crust. NATO ASI Series, vol 281. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0991-5_1

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