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Application of Molecular Markers in Spatial Analysis to Optimize In Situ Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources

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Genomics of Plant Genetic Resources

Abstract

There is a growing recognition of the need to evaluate the diversity status and trends of plant genetic resources’ use and maintenance in natural populations, farmers’ fields, home gardens and in other in situ settings to prioritize and optimize conservation actions and link these effectively with ex situ preservation approaches. The recent development of new powerful molecular tools that reveal many genome-wide polymorphisms has created novel opportunities for assessing genetic diversity, especially when these markers can be linked to key adaptive traits and are employed in combination with new geo-spatial methods of geographic and environmental analysis. New methods to prioritize varieties, populations and geographic areas for in situ conservation, and to enable monitoring of genetic diversity over time and space, are now available to support in situ germplasm management of annual crop and tree genetic resources. We will discuss concepts and examples of application of molecular markers and spatial analysis to optimize in situ conservation. We present a case study on the distribution and genetic diversity of the underutilized new world fruit tree crop cherimoya (Annona cherimola Mill.) in its Andean distribution range to exemplify the usefulness of combining molecular marker and spatial data to inform in situ conservation decisions.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Patrick Van Damme for his comments on an early version of this chapter. Maarten van Zonneveld thanks the CGIAR research programs Forest, Trees and Agroforestry (FTA) and Climate Change for Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bioversity International, Turrialba office, Turrialba, Costa Rica

    Maarten van Zonneveld & Jacob van Etten

  2. Bioversity International, Regional Office for the Americas, Cali, Colombia

    Evert Thomas & Xavier Scheldeman

  3. Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium

    Evert Thomas & Xavier Scheldeman

  4. The World Agroforestry Centre, Headquarters, Nairobi, Kenya

    Ian Dawson

  5. Bioversity International, Headquarters, Rome, Italy

    Judy Loo

  6. Estación Experimental La Mayora, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea, (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain

    José I Hormaza

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  1. Maarten van Zonneveld
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  2. Ian Dawson
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  3. Evert Thomas
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  4. Xavier Scheldeman
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  5. Jacob van Etten
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  6. Judy Loo
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  7. José I Hormaza
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Correspondence to Maarten van Zonneveld .

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  1. Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Roberto Tuberosa

  2. Genebank, IPK, Gatersleben, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany

    Andreas Graner

  3. Bioversity International, Rome, Italy

    Emile Frison

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van Zonneveld, M. et al. (2014). Application of Molecular Markers in Spatial Analysis to Optimize In Situ Conservation of Plant Genetic Resources. In: Tuberosa, R., Graner, A., Frison, E. (eds) Genomics of Plant Genetic Resources. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7572-5_4

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