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Genetic Diversity in the Grapevine Germplasm

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Genomics of Plant Genetic Resources

Abstract

Grapevine is a major horticulture crop grown on ~7.6 million hectares that secure a yearly production of ~70 million tons of grapes. A significant part of the crop (65 %) annually fuels a worldwide wine industry of ~27 billion liters. In 2007, 2.8 billion liters in wine sales in the United States alone were worth US$ 30 billion. Grapevines and wine making are also an integral part of the landscape and the cultural heritage of Southern Europe and Southwestern Asia, in the native environments of the species Vitis vinifera. The natural diversity that existed in grapevine was key to its successful colonization of the Mediterranean shores and continental Europe, the home to the modern wine industry and the main source for the dispersal of domesticated grapevines to other continents along trade routes. The sequencing of the grapevine genome has attracted renewed interest in this ancient crop, which largely relies on centuries-old varieties immortalized by vegetative propagation, and it has revived the exploration of germplasm and the analysis of genetic diversity, which are now afforded with the application of powerful technologies of DNA analysis.

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Abbreviations

AD:

Anno Domini

BC:

Before Christ

cpDNA:

chloroplast DNA

cM:

centiMorgan

EAS-ENA:

Eastern Asia—Eastern North America

LD:

Linkage disequilibrium

MYA:

Million years ago

SNP:

Single nucleotide polymorphisms

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Courtney Coleman for proofreading the manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Istituto di Genomica Applicata, Parco Scientifico e Tecnologico Luigi Danieli, 33100, Udine, Italy

    Federica Cattonaro, Raffaele Testolin, Simone Scalabrin, Michele Morgante & Gabriele Di Gaspero

  2. Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, University of Udine, via delle scienze 208, 33100, Udine, Italy

    Raffaele Testolin, Michele Morgante & Gabriele Di Gaspero

Authors
  1. Federica Cattonaro
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  2. Raffaele Testolin
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  3. Simone Scalabrin
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  4. Michele Morgante
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  5. Gabriele Di Gaspero
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Roberto Tuberosa

  2. Genebank, IPK, Gatersleben, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany

    Andreas Graner

  3. Bioversity International, Rome, Italy

    Emile Frison

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Cattonaro, F., Testolin, R., Scalabrin, S., Morgante, M., Gaspero, G. (2014). Genetic Diversity in the Grapevine Germplasm. In: Tuberosa, R., Graner, A., Frison, E. (eds) Genomics of Plant Genetic Resources. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7572-5_27

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