Abstract
Modern biotechnology creates unprecedented opportunities to improve agricultural productivity, decrease our dependence on potentially-harmful chemical pesticides and enhance our ability to produce food. The date palm has a considerable socioeconomic value and is mentioned repeatedly with appreciation in the Bible and Quran. The tree plays a key role in the Arabic nations and ought to gain special attention from Arabic governments and scientists. The date palm is the most suitable tree for cultivation in arid and semiarid regions of the world due to its low water demand, tolerance to high temperature, drought and salinity. Unfortunately, there are many biotic stresses that hinder expansion of date palm cultivation, productivity and accordingly date palm revenue. A literature search shows that most publications have been focused on in vitro propagation, and molecular characterization of date palm cultivars and tissue culture-derived plants. Research aimed at developing date palm transformation systems is lacking and date palm transformation seems to be in its infancy. The tree is a target host for several pests and diseases, so it is necessary to focus on its in vitro propagation and genetic engineering to overcome some of these problems. This review highlights ongoing efforts in date palm transformation and the expected role of genetic transformation in date palm improvement.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aaouine M (1998) The application of biotechnology to date palm. In: Ives C, Bedford B (eds.) Agricultural biotechnology in international development. CABI, Wallingford, pp 133–146
Abdullah R, Chari C, Yap WSP, Yeun LH (2003) Transgenic oil palm with stably integrated CpTI gene confers resistance to bagworm larvae. In: Vasil IK (ed.) Plant biotechnology 2002 and beyond. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 163–165
Abdullah R, Alizah Z, Wee Y et al (2005) Immature embryo: a useful tool for oil palm genetic transformation studies. Electr J Biotechnol 8. ISSN 0717 3458. http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/content/vol8/issue1/full/1/
Ajlan AM, Shawir MS, Abo-El-Saad MM et al (2000) Laboratory evaluation of certain Âorganophosphorus insecticides against the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier). Sci J King Faisal Univ Basic Appl Sci 1:15–26
Al-Khalifah N, Askari E (2003) Molecular phylogeny of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cultivars from Saudi Arabia by DNA fingerprinting. Theor Appl Genet 107:1266–1270
Al Khayri JM (2003) In vitro germination of somatic embryos in date palm: effect of auxin concentration and strength of MS salts. Curr Sci 84:5–10
Al-Khayri JM (2005) Date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. In: Jain SM, Gupta PK (eds.) Protocol for somatic embryogenesis in woody plants. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 309–319
Al-Khayri JM (2007) Date palm Phoenix dactylifera L. micropropagation. In: Jain SM, Häggman H (eds.) Protocols for micropropagation of woody trees and fruits. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 509–526
Al-Wasel AS (2001) Somaclonal variations in tissue culture-derived date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) trees. In: The second international conference on date palm, Al-Ain, 25–27 Mar 2001, p 591
Barton K, Whiteley H, Young S (1987) Bacillus thuringiensis–endotoxin in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum provides resistance to lepidopteran insects. Plant Physiol 85:1103–1109
Beetham PR, Kipp PR, Sawycky ZL (1999) A tool for functional plant genomics: chimeric RNA/DNA oligonucleotides cause in vivo gene-specific mutations. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 96:8774–8778
Bekheet SA, Taha HS, Saker MM (2001) Factors affecting in vitro multiplication of date palm. Biol Plant 44:431–433
Bekheet SA, Taha HS, Saker MM, Moursy HA (2002) A synthetic seed system of date palm through somatic embryogenesis encapsulation. Ann Agric Sci Ain Shams Univ Cairo 47:325–337
Bhansali R, Kaul R, Dass H (1988) Mass cloning of date palm plantlets through repetitive somatic embryogenesis. J Plant Anat Morph 5:73–79
Birch RG (1997) Plant transformation: problems and strategies for practical application. Ann Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 48:297–326
Boller T, Gehri A, Mauch F, Vogeli U (1983) Chitinase in bean leaves: induction by ethylene, purification, properties and possible function. Planta 157:22–31
Bouguedoura N (1991) Connaissance de la morphogenèse du palmier dattier (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Etude in situ et in vitro du développement morphogénétique des appareils végétatif et reproducteur. Thèse de Doctorat, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene, Alger
Bouguedoura N, Michaux-Ferriere N, Bompar JL (1990) Comportement in vitro de bourgeons axillaires de type indetermine du palmier dattier (Phoenix dactylifera). Can J Bot 68:2004–2009
Carpenter JB, Klotz LJ (1966) Diseases of the date palm. Date Growers Inst Rep 43:15–21
Chaibi N, Ben Abdallah A, Harzallah H, Lepoivre P (2002) Potentialités androgénétiques du palmier dattier Phoenix dactylifera L. et culture in vitro d’anthères. Biotechnol Agron Soc Environ 6:201–207
Cheng M, Fry JE, Peng S et al (1997) Genetic transformation of wheat mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Plant Physiol 115:971–980
Cheng M, Lowe BA, Spencer TM et al (2004) Factors influencing Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of monocotyledonous species. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 40:31–45
Cho H, Choi K, Yamashita M et al (1995) Introduction and expression of the Streptomyces cholestrol oxidase gene (ChoA), a potent insecticidal protein active against boll weevil larvae, into tobacco cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 44:133–138
De Block M, Herrera-Estrella L, Van Montagu M et al (1984) Expression of foreign genes in regenerated plants and in their progeny. EMBO J 3:1681–1689
Djerbi M (1988) Les maladies du palmier dattier. Projet régional de lutte contre le Bayoud, FAO, Alger
Dransfield J, Uhl NW, Asmussen CB et al (2008) Genera palmarum. The evolution and classification of palms. Royal botanic gardens, Kew
El Bellaj M, El Jaafari S, El Hadrami I (2000) IAA-oxidase: regulator and potential marker of somatic embryogenesis in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Cah Agron 9:193–195
El Hadrami E, El Hadrami A (2009) Breeding date palm. In: Jain SM, Priyadarshan PM (eds.) Breeding plantation tree crops: tropical species. Springer, New York, pp 191–216
El-Hennawy H, Wally Y (1978) Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), bud differentiation in vitro. Egypt J Hortic 5:81–82
Elshibli S, Korpelainen H (2008) Microsatellite markers reveal high genetic diversity in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) germplasm from Sudan. Genetics 134:251–260
Finer JJ (2010) Plant nuclear transformation. In: Kempken F, Jung C (eds.) Genetic modification of plants: biotechnology in agriculture and forestry. Springer, Berlin
Fki L (2005) Application des suspensions cellulaires embryogènes au clonage et à l’amélioration {in vitro} du palmier dattier. Faculté des Sciences de Sfax-Tunisie
Fki L, Masmoudi R, Drira N, Rival A (2003) An optimized protocol for plant regeneration from embryogenic suspension cultures of date palm, Phoenix dactylifera L., cv. Deglet Nour. Plant Cell Rep 21:517–524
Fromm MJ, Morrish F, Armstrong C et al (1990) Inheritance and expression of chimeric genes in the progeny of transgenic maize plants. Bio/Tech 8:833–839
Gheysen G, Angenon G, Van Montagu M (1998) Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation: a scientifically intriguing story with significant applications. In: Lindsey K (ed.) Transgenic plant research. Harwood Academic, Amsterdam, pp 1–33
Ghulam Kadir AP, Chowdhury MKU, Saleh NM (1998) Physical parameters affecting transient GUS gene expression in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) using the biolistic device. Ind Crops Prod 6:41–50
Goedeke S, Hensel G, Kapusi E et al (2007) Transgenic barley in fundamental research and biotechnology. Transgenic Plant J 1:104–117
Gordon-Kamm WJ, Spencer TM, Mangano ML et al (1990) Transformation of maize cells and regeneration of fertile transgenic plants. Plant Cell 2:603–618
Gorret N, bin Rosli SK, Oppenheim SF et al (2004) Bioreactor culture of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and effects of nitrogen source, inoculum size, and conditioned medium on biomass production. J Biotechnol 108:253–263
Habashi AA, Kaviani M, Mousavi A, Khoshkam S (2008) Transient expression of β-glucuronidase reporter gene in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) embryogenic calli and somatic embryos via microprojectile bombardment. J Food Agric Environ 6:160–163
Hiei Y, Ohta S, Komari T, Kumashiro T (1994) Efficient transformation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) mediated by Agrobacterium and sequence analysis of the boundaries of the T-DNA. Plant J 6:271–282
Horsch RB, Fraley RT, Rogers SG et al (1984) Inheritance of functional foreign genes in plants. Science 223:496–498
Horsch RB, Fry JE, Hoffmann NL et al (1985) A simple and general method for transferring genes into plants. Science 227:1229–1231
Horsch RR, Fraley S, Rogers J et al (1987) Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of plants. In: Green CE, Somers DA, Hackett WP, Biesboer DD (eds.) Plant tissue and cell culture. Alan R. Liss, New York, pp 317–329
Iida A, Seki M, Kamada M et al (1990) Gene transfer into cultured plant cells by DNA-coated gold particles accelerated by a pneumatic particle gun. Theor Appl Genet 80:813–816
Ishida Y, Saito H, Ohta YS et al (1996) High efficiency transformation of maize )Zea mays L.) mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Nat Biotechnol 14:745–750
Jain SM (2002) A review of induction of mutations in fruits of tropical and subtropical regions. Acta Hortic 575:295–302
Jain SM (2006) Radiation-induced mutations for developing bayoud disease resistant date palm in North Africa. Proceedings of the international workshop on true-to-typeness of date palm tissue culture-derived plants, Morocco, 23–25 May 2005, pp 31–41
Jain SM (2007) Recent advances in date palm tissue culture and mutagenesis. Acta Hortic 736:205–211
Jefferson RA, Kavanagh TA, Bevan MW (1987) GUS Fusions: ß-glucuronidase as a sensitive and versatile gene fusion marker in higher plants. EMBO J 6:3901–3909
King SP, Kasha KJ (1994) Optimizing somatic embryogenesis and particle bombardment of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) immature embryos. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 30:117–123
Klein TM, Gradziel T, Fromm ME, Sanford JC (1988) Factors influencing gene delivery into Zea mays cells by high-velocity microprojectiles. Bio/Tech 6:559–563
Kramer KJ, Muthukrishnan S (1997) Insect chitinases: molecular biology and potential use as biopesticides. Insect Biotechnol Mol Biol 27:887–900
Kumlehn J, Serazetdinova L, Hensel G et al (2006) Genetic transformation of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) via infection of androgenetic pollen cultures with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Plant Biotechnol J 4:251–261
Laville E (1973) Les maladies du dattier. In: Munier P (ed.) Le palmier dattier. G.P. Maisonneuve and Larose, Paris, pp 95–108
Lee M-P, Yeun L-H, Abdallah R (2006) Expression of Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal protein gene in transgenic oil palm. Electr J Biotechnol [online] 9. ISSN 0717–3458. http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/content/vol9/issue3/full/3/index.html
Li YH, Trembley FM, Seguin A (1994) Transient transformation of pollen and embryogenic tissues of white spruce (Picea glauca Moench) resulting from microprojectile bombardment. Plant Cell Rep 13:661–665
Lin W, Anuratha CS, Datta K et al (1995) Genetic engineering of rice for resistance to sheath blight. Biotechnol 13:686–691
Louvet J, Toutain G (1973) Recherches sur les fusarioses VIII. Nouvelles observations sur la fusariose du palmier dattier et précisions concernant la lutte. Ann Phytopathol 4:35–52
Malençon G (1934) Nouvelles observations concernant l’étiologie du Bayoud. C R Acad Sci Paris 19:1259–1262, (Abstract in Rev App Mycol 13: 505)
McCabe DE, Swain WF, Martinell BJ, Christou P (1988) Stable transformation of soybean (Glycine max) by particle acceleration. Bio/Tech 6:923–926
Morton R, Schroder H, Bateman K et al (2000) Bean α-amylase inhibitor 1 in transgenic peas (Pisum stavium) provides complete protection from pea weevil (Bruchus pisorum) under field conditions. PNAS 97:3820–3825
Mousavi M, Mousavi A, Habashi AK et al (2009) Optimization of physical and biological parameters for transient expression of uidA gene in embryogenic callus of date palm (Phoenix Âdactylifera L.) via particle bombardment. Afr J Biotechnol 8:3721–3730
Parveez GKA, Chowdhury MKU, Norihan MS (1997) Biological parameters affecting transient GUS gene expression in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) embryogenic calli via microprojectile bombardment. Ind Crops Prod 8:17–27
Parveez GKA, Chowdhury MKU, Norihan MS (1998) Physical parameters affecting transient GUS gene expression in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) using the biolistic device. Ind Crops Prod 6:41–50
Paszkowski J, Shillito RD, Saul M et al (1984) Direct gene transfer to plants. EMBO J 3:2717–2722
Potrykus I (1990) Gene transfer to cereals: an assessment. Bio/Tech 8:535–542
Potrykus I, Paszkowski J, Saul MW et al (1987) Direct gene transfer to plants: facts and future. In: Green CE, Somers DA, Hackett WT, Biesboer DD (eds.) Plant tissue and cell culture. Alan R. Liss, New York, pp 289–302
Poulain C, Rhiss A, Beauchesne G (1979) Multiplication vegetative en culture in vitro du palmier-dattier (Phoenix dactylifera L.). C R Seanc Acad Agric Fr 11:1151–1154
Purseglove JW (1972) Tropical crops: monocotyledonous 2. Wiley, New York
Reynolds JF, Murashige T (1979) Asexual embryogenesis in callus cultures of palms. In Vitro 15:383–387
Ritala M, Monnonen L, Aspegren K et al (1993) Stable transformation of barley tissue culture by particle bombardment. Plant Cell Rep 12:435–440
Roy M, Jain RK, Rohila JS, Wu R (2000) Production of agronomically superior transgenic rice plants using Agrobacterium-transformation methods: present status and future perspectives. Curr Sci 79:954–960
Saker M, Moursy H (2003) Transgenic date palm: a new era in date palm biotechnology. In: Proceeding of the international conference on date palm, King Saud University, Qaseem, 16–19 Sept
Saker M, Ghareeb HA (2007) Factors influencing transient expression of Agrobacterium–mediated transformation of GUS gene in embryogenic callus of date palm. Fourth symposium on date palm in Saudi Arabia. King Faisal Univ, Al-Hassa, 5–8 May 2007
Saker M, Bekheet S, Taha H et al (2000) Detection of somaclonal variations in tissue culture-derived date palm plants using isozyme analysis and RAPD fingerprints. Biol Plant 43:347–351
Saker M, Adawy S, Mohamed A et al (2006a) Monitoring of cultivar identity in tissue culture-derived date palms using RAPD and AFLP analysis. Biol Plant 50:198–204
Saker M, Allam MA, Abd EL-Zaher H et al. (2006b)RAPD analysis of semi-dry Egyptian date palm during somatic embryogenesis. First Egyptian-Jordanian conference on biotechnology, 11–14 Dec 2006, pp 92–103
Saker M, Allam MA, Goma AH et al (2007) Optimization of some factors affecting genetic transformation of semi-dry Egyptian date palm cultivar (Sewi) using particle bombardment. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 5:1–6
Saker M, Ghareeb H, Kumlehn J (2009) Factors influencing transient expression of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of GUS gene in embryogenic callus of date palm. Adv Hortic Sci 23:150–157
Salama HSM, Saker M (2002) DNA fingerprints of three different forms of the red palm weevil collected from Egyptian date palm orchards. Arch Phytopathol Plant Prot 35:99–306
Sanford J, Smith FD, Russel A (1993) Optimizing the biolistic process for different biological applications. Method Enzymol 217:483–509
Schroeder E, Gollasch S, Moore A et al (1995) Bean [alpha]-Amylase inhibitor confers resistance to the pea weevil (Bruchus pisorum) in transgenic peas (Pisum sativum). Plant Physiol 107:1233–1239
Shaheen MA (1990) Propagation of date palm through tissue culture: a review and an interpretation. Ann Agric Sci Ain Shams Univ Cairo 35:895–909
Sharma HC, Sharma KK, Seetharama N, Ortiz R (2000) Prospects for using transgenic resistance to insects in crop improvement. Electr J Biotechnol 3. http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/content/vol3/issue2/full/3/
Sharma HC, Crouch JH, Sharma KK et al (2002) Applications of biotechnology for crop Âimprovement: prospects and constraints. Plant Sci 63:381–395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9452(02)00133-4
Somers DA, Rines HW, Gu W et al (1992) Fertile, transgenic oat plants. Bio/Tech 10:1589–1594
Somers DA, Samac DA, Olhoft PM (2003) Recent advances in legume transformation. Plant Physiol 131:892–899
Songstad DD, Somers DA, Griesbach RJ (1995) Advances in alternative DNA delivery techniques. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult 40:1–15
Tackholm V, Drar M 1973 (1950) Flora of Egypt, vol II, Otto Koeltz Antiquariat, Reprint
Tingay S, McElroy D, Kalla R et al (1997) Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated barley transformation. Plant J 11:1369–1376
Tisserat B (1979) Propagation of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in vitro. J Exp Bot 30:1275–1283
Tisserat B (1982) Factors involved in the production of plantlets from date palm callus cultures. Euphytica 31:201–214
Toutain G (1967) Le palmier dattier: culturer et production. Alawam 15:37–45
Vain P, De Buyser J, Bui Trang V et al (1995) Foreign gene delivery into monocotyledonous species. Biotechnol Adv 13:653–671
Valencia A, Bustillo AE, Ossa GE, Chrispeels MJ (2000) Alpha-amylases of the coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) and their inhibition by two plant amylase inhibitors. Insect Biotechnol Mol Biol 30:207–213
Vasil V, Castillo AM, Fromm ME, Vasil IK (1992) Herbicide resistant fertile transgenic wheat plants obtained by microprojectile bombardment of regenerable embryogenic callus. Bio/Tech 10:667–674
Wan Y, Lemaux PG (1994) Generation of large numbers of independently transformed fertile barley plants. Plant Physiol 104:37–48
Zaid A, Hughes H (1995) Water loss and polyethylene glycol-mediated acclimatization of in vitro grown seedlings of 5 cultivars of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) plantlets. Plant Cell Rep 14:385–388
Zaid A, Tisserat B (1983) In vitro shoot tip differentiation in Phoenix dactylifera L. Date Palm J 2:163–182
Zaid A, Arias-Jiménez E (2002) Date palm cultivation. Rev 1. Plant production and protection paper 156, FAO, Rome
Zhu TD, Peterson DJ, Tagliani L et al (1999) Targeted manipulation of maize genes in vivo using chimeric RNA/DNA oligonucleotides. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 96:8768–8773
Acknowledgement
The author express his thanks and appreciation to Dr. Tarek Kapeil (Botany Dept., Faculty of Science, Cairo University) and A. Researcher Mai A. Allam (Plant Biotechnology Dept., National Research Center, Egypt) for their so kind cooperation and providing me with information on origin of date palm and date palm tissue culture.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Saker, M.M. (2011). Transgenic Date Palm. In: Jain, S., Al-Khayri, J., Johnson, D. (eds) Date Palm Biotechnology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1318-5_30
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1318-5_30
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-1317-8
Online ISBN: 978-94-007-1318-5
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)