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The Photosynthetic Apparatus of the Living Fossil, Cyanophora paradoxa

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Bioenergetic Processes of Cyanobacteria

Abstract

Muroplasts, the peculiar plastids (previously called cyanelles) of glaucocystophyte algae did retain—with some modifications—the peptidoglycan wall of their cyanobacterial ancestor. This is not only a convincing proof of the endosymbiotic theory, but earns glaucocystophytes the status of living fossils, as peptidoglycan is found nowhere else among eukaryotes. Muroplasts show even more cyanobacterial features than other primitive plastids, e.g., rhodoplasts. Almost all data available at present come from one species, Cyanophora paradoxa. The plastome, containing a surplus of 50 protein genes compared to chloroplast genomes (Table 2.1) and about 30% of the transcriptome (ESTs) of this organism are sequenced and a genome project is in progress. While Cyanophora does not offer such possibilities for genetic analysis as the Chlamydomonas system, due to its reasonable growth rate it is amenable to biochemical investigations.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are indebted to the Austrian “Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung” for continuous support of their research on glaucocystophytes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Physiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120, Halle, Germany

    Jürgen M. Steiner

  2. Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, University of Vienna, Dr. Bohrgasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria

    Wolfgang Löffelhardt

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  1. Jürgen M. Steiner
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Correspondence to Wolfgang Löffelhardt .

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  1. Inst. Physikalische Chemie, Molecular Bioenergetics Group, Univ. Wien, Währingerstr. 42, Wien, 1090, Austria

    Guenter A. Peschek

  2. Department für Chemie, Abteilung für Biochemie, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Althanstrasse 14, Wien, 1190, Austria

    Christian Obinger

  3. Fak. II Mathematik/Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Chemie, TU Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, Berlin, 10587, Berlin, Germany

    Gernot Renger

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Steiner, J.M., Löffelhardt, W. (2011). The Photosynthetic Apparatus of the Living Fossil, Cyanophora paradoxa . In: Peschek, G., Obinger, C., Renger, G. (eds) Bioenergetic Processes of Cyanobacteria. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0388-9_2

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